{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:47:06Z","timestamp":1791874026471,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity Reviews"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physical inactivity increases the risk of developing chronic illnesses. However, the effectiveness of Zumba among women who are physically inactive remains understudied. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Zumba in improving cardiorespiratory fitness and anthropometric measures (body mass index, body fat, and waist circumference) among women with low physical activity levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and ProQuest Education Collection were systematically searched until June 8, 2025. Eligibility criteria were as follows: (1) randomized controlled trials involving insufficiently active adult women (&lt;\u2009150\u2009min moderate or &lt;\u200975\u2009min vigorous activity\/week); (2) Zumba or its variations as the intervention; (3) no intervention or usual care as the comparator; and (4) reporting of cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, body fat percentage, or waist circumference. Quality appraisal for included studies was performed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Meta\u2010analyses were performed using the random\u2010effects model where possible.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seven randomized controlled trials (eight reports) were included. Zumba significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (MD\u2009=\u20093.63; 95% CI 2.00, 5.26;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and body fat percentage (MD\u2009=\u2009\u22125.11; 95% CI \u22128.77, \u22121.46;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01) compared to no intervention\/usual care. No statistically significant differences were observed in body mass index between groups (MD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.97; 95% CI \u22122.49, 0.54;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.21). Narrative synthesis of three reports found positive improvements in waist circumference after completion of Zumba interventions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Zumba effectively improves cardiorespiratory fitness and reduces body fat percentage among women with low physical activity levels. Further high\u2010quality research is warranted to determine optimal intervention dosage, assess other Zumba modalities, and explore Zumba's implementation and sustainability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.70236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:58:22Z","timestamp":1791871102000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of Zumba in Improving Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Anthropometric Measures Among Women With Low Physical Activity Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Lemuel Wen Lei","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4388-1106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei Sin","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universiti Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7547-2860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dion","family":"Candelaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tin Mei","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8518-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Midwifery Queen's University Belfast  Belfast UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0265-8215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenru","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","volume-title":"WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"World Health 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