{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:41:46Z","timestamp":1792467706984,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity Reviews"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although GLP\u20101\u2010based pharmacotherapies achieve clinically significant weight loss, their influence on eating behavior is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This systematic review examined the effects of GLP\u20101\u2010based pharmacotherapies on eating behavior, appetite, and energy intake in adults (\u2265\u200918\u2009years) with overweight or obesity (BMI\u2009\u2265\u200925\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) without major comorbidities. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched on 4\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      November 2025. Risk of bias was assessed, and meta\u2010analyses were conducted for energy intake and overall appetite suppression, with other outcomes synthesized qualitatively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty\u2010five articles involving 4060 participants were included (64% female, mean age\u2009=\u200944\u2009years, mean BMI\u2009=\u200936.7\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Four studies were deemed low risk of bias. A reduction in energy intake was observed (SMD\u2009=\u2009\u22120.775, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22121.21 to \u22120.34,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002), although heterogeneity was high (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200982.7%) and the prediction interval included no effect. A small increase in appetite suppression was also observed (MD\u2009=\u20097.800, 95% CI\u2009=\u20093.74 to 11.86,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). Qualitative findings suggested reductions in food craving and some measures of food reward. Nausea was more frequent with active treatment and may have influenced the observed effects or increased awareness of treatment allocation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GLP\u20101\u2010based pharmacotherapies may reduce short\u2010term energy intake and appetite. However, the magnitude and consistency of these effects remain uncertain because of substantial heterogeneity, imputation of variance data, and variability in outcome assessment. Evidence relating to food craving, food preferences and other eating behaviors requires further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.70245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:33:21Z","timestamp":1792467201000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of GLP\u20101\u2010Based Pharmacotherapies on Eating Behavior, Appetite, and Energy Intake in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6346-3606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clarissa","family":"Dakin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food Science and Nutrition University of Leeds  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9861-3379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan D.","family":"Beaumont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield Business School Sheffield Hallam University  Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4048-9782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beverley","family":"O\u2032Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Leeds Beckett University  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocarto.2024.100472","article-title":"Obesity Medications: A Narrative Review of Current and Emerging Agents","volume":"6","author":"Qi Q.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/dmso.S488806"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-1678","article-title":"Efficacy of GLP\u20101 Receptor Agonists on Weight Loss, BMI, and Waist Circumference for Patients With Obesity or Overweight: A Systematic Review, Meta\u2010Analysis, and Meta\u2010Regression of 47 Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"48","author":"Wong H. 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