{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T13:41:08Z","timestamp":1773150068829,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,17]],"date-time":"2012-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Offert B., Janiszewska\u2010Olszowska J., Dudkiewicz Z., Brudnicki A., Katsaros C., Fudalej P. S. Facial esthetics in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate 3\u2003years after alveolar bonegrafting combined with rhinoplasty between 2 and 4\u2003years of age \u2028<jats:italic>Orthod Craniofac Res<\/jats:italic> 2013; <jats:bold>16<\/jats:bold>:36\u201343. \u00a9 2012 John Wiley &amp; Sons A\/S<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Structured Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\u2002\u2013\u2002<\/jats:bold> To evaluate facial esthetics in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) after alveolar bone grafting combined with rhinoplasty between 2 and 4\u2003years of age.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design\u2002\u2013\u2002<\/jats:bold> Retrospective case\u2010control study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting\u2002\u2013\u2002<\/jats:bold> The Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and Methods\u2002\u2013\u2002<\/jats:bold> Photographs of full faces and cropped images of five nasolabial components: nasal deviation, nasal form, nasal profile, vermillion border, and inferior view were assessed by 5 professional and 14 layraters in 29 children (23 boys and 6 girls; mean age\u2003=\u20035.3\u2003years, SD 0.5; <jats:italic>Early\u2010grafted<\/jats:italic> group) and 30 children (20 boys and 10 girls; mean age\u2003=\u20035.5\u2003years, SD 1.0; <jats:italic>Non\u2010grafted<\/jats:italic> group) with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate repaired with a one\u2010stage closure. The groups differed regarding the timing of alveolar bone grafting: in the <jats:italic>Early\u2010grafted<\/jats:italic> group, alveolar bone grafting in combination with rhinoplasty (ABG\u2010R) was performed between 2 and 4\u2003years of age (mean age\u2003=\u20032.3\u2003years; SD 0.6); in the <jats:italic>Non\u2010grafted<\/jats:italic> group, the alveolar defect was grafted after 9\u2003years of age. No primary nose correction was carried out in any group. To rate esthetics, a modified five\u2010grade esthetic index of Asher\u2010McDade was used, where grade 1 means the most esthetic and grade 5 \u2013 the least esthetic outcome.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002\u2013\u2002<\/jats:bold> Esthetics of full faces and of all nasolabial elements in the <jats:italic>Early\u2010grafted<\/jats:italic> group was significantly better than in <jats:italic>Non\u2010grafted<\/jats:italic> group. The scores in the <jats:italic>Early\u2010grafted<\/jats:italic> group ranged from 2.30 to 2.66 points, whereas in the <jats:italic>Non\u2010grafted group<\/jats:italic> ranged from 2.66 to 3.17 points. All intergroup differences were statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002\u2013\u2002<\/jats:bold> Three years post\u2010operatively, early alveolar bone grafting combined with rhinoplasty is favorable for facial esthetics in children with UCLP, but a longer follow\u2010up is needed to assess whether the improvement was permanent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,17]],"date-time":"2012-09-17T06:09:14Z","timestamp":1347862154000},"page":"36-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Facial esthetics in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate 3\u2003years after alveolar bonegrafting combined with rhinoplasty between 2 and 4\u2003years of age"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Offert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Janiszewska\u2010Olszowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Dudkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Brudnicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Katsaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. 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