{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T02:19:19Z","timestamp":1775096359689,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]],"date-time":"2016-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Structured Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To measure the lengths of the force and resistance arms, in order to calculate the mechanical advantage and muscular work of the human temporalis muscle (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content>) in brachyfacial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content>) and dolichofacial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DO<\/jats:styled-content>) subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting and Sample Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mandibles from 49 subjects of both genders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content> n = 9; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DO<\/jats:styled-content> n = 40) from the collection of the Laboratory of Human Anatomy at Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The distance between the condylar process and the coronoid process (insertion site of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content>) represented the length of the force arm (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<jats:sub>FA<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>) of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content>. The distance between the condylar process and the mental protuberance represented the length of the resistance arm (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<jats:sub>RA<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>). Thus, the mechanical advantage of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content> was obtained using the following ratio: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<jats:sub>FA<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<jats:sub>RA<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>, while the muscular work (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<jats:sub>RA<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<jats:sub>FA<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>) of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content> was obtained using the inverse of this ratio.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>When compared with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DO<\/jats:styled-content>, the parameters of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content> are significantly greater, as shown by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<jats:sub>FA<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> (6.0%) and mechanical advantage (8.2%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0078). By contrast, our results show that in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DO<\/jats:styled-content>, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<jats:sub>RA<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> was 2.4% longer and the muscular work was 10.4% greater (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0087).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mechanical advantage of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content> subjects is significantly greater than in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DO<\/jats:styled-content> subjects. Moreover, this greater mechanical advantage may explain, at least in part, the higher incidence of temporomandibular dysfunctions in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BR<\/jats:styled-content> subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T00:05:36Z","timestamp":1459382736000},"page":"162-168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biomechanical potential of the temporal muscle in brachyfacial and dolichofacial subjects: a study on dry mandibles"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"H. B.","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Curso de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas Departamento de Biologia e Farm\u00e1cia Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F. F.","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curso de Medicina Departamento de Biologia e Farm\u00e1cia Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC) Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Heck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curso de Medicina Departamento de Biologia e Farm\u00e1cia Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC) Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. L.","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Biologia Celular e Tecidual Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Morfofisiol\u00f3gicas Faculdade de Bioci\u00eancias Pontif\u00edcia Universidade Cat\u00f3lica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"de Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curso de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas Departamento de Biologia e Farm\u00e1cia Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil"},{"name":"Curso de Medicina Departamento de Biologia e Farm\u00e1cia Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC) Santa Cruz do Sul RS Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias B\u00e1sicas da Sa\u00fade Universidade Federal de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) Porto Alegre RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Principles of Animal Physiology","author":"Moyes CD","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Human Physiology: an integrated approach","author":"Silverthorn DU","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345920710060301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345990780010301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.86458"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.117910"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-9668.117028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.3.265"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(96)90095-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Facial beauty\u2013establishing a universal standard","volume":"15","author":"Jefferson Y","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Orthod Milwaukee"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345960750060801"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2007.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Cephalometric in clinical practice","volume":"29","author":"Steiner CC","year":"1959","journal-title":"Angle Orthd"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.18984"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(00)90014-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2007.00405.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-83242011005000014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/19.3.313"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-160X-3-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200535090-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200636070-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","volume-title":"Human Anatomy","author":"Martini F","year":"2009"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; Craniofacial Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Focr.12124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T15:29:32Z","timestamp":1696260572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ocr.12124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ocr.12124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12124","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-6335","1601-6343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-6335","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-6343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]]}}}