{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T04:17:09Z","timestamp":1789359429015,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,23]],"date-time":"2017-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Structured Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recurrence of cranial bone fusion following surgical resection in craniosynostosis patients commonly requires additional surgical procedures. Surgical implantation of engineered 3D scaffolds that control tissue mineralization could be utilized to diminish recurrence of fusion. This study investigated the ability of composite scaffolds to control tissue mineralization when cultured in vitro.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting and Sample Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Precision\u2010engineered scaffolds with calvarial cells were cultured in vitro at the Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material &amp; Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Polycaprolactone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCL<\/jats:styled-content>) scaffolds were fabricated using a novel precision extrusion deposition technique. Polyethylene glycol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEG<\/jats:styled-content>) hydrogel was coated onto select scaffolds to inhibit mineralization. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>3T3E1(C4) calvarial cells were cultured with scaffolds in media containing ascorbate and phosphate to promote osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Scaffolds were assayed for osteoblast differentiation by alkaline phosphatase assay. Scaffolds were assayed for mineralization by nano\u2010computed tomography (nano\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content>) and by von Kossa staining of histologic sections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>3T3E1(C4) cells differentiated into osteoblasts and formed mineral when cultured on uncoated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCL<\/jats:styled-content> scaffolds. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MC<\/jats:styled-content>3T3E1(C4) cells were significantly diminished in their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts when cultured on hydrogel\u2010coated scaffold.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Results of this study indicate that this novel printing technology can be used to fabricate 3D scaffolds to promote and inhibit tissue mineralization in a region\u2010specific manner. Future studies are needed to establish utility of such scaffolds in vivo.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,23]],"date-time":"2017-06-23T20:56:31Z","timestamp":1498251391000},"page":"12-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Analysis of polycaprolactone scaffolds fabricated via precision extrusion deposition for control of craniofacial tissue mineralization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"C. W.","family":"Fedore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Y. L.","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. K.","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. L.","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. E.","family":"Hatch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry School of Dentistry University of Michigan  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000305929.40363.bf"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3182412a50"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0b013e328355a869"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200201000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000000093","article-title":"Evidence\u2010based medicine: craniosynostosis","volume":"133","author":"Fearon JA","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.9.FOCUS10204"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516643315"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000299393.36063.de"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199708000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(00)00121-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3010825"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650070613"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03008207.2015.1005211"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.07.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/54\/7\/020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156856295X00175"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2010.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00370-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.11.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/polb.22259"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201302042"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biomac.5b01721"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4636(200105)55:2<203::AID-JBM1007>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2011.07.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10544-012-9677-0"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; Craniofacial Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Focr.12159","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12159","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T18:37:14Z","timestamp":1694630234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ocr.12159"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ocr.12159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12159","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-6335","1601-6343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-6335","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-6343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}}}