{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:34:14Z","timestamp":1790616854237,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]],"date-time":"2019-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate whether changes in the concentration of different biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) can be used to detect the root resorption process in adult or adolescent patients undergoing treatment with a fixed appliance, in comparison with untreated subjects or treated patients not showing signs of root resorption.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The following databases were analysed in the period between June 2017 and March 2018, without any language and initial date restrictions: PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library. A quality assessment instrument (QAI) was developed to establish the risk of bias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1127 articles were analysed. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, seven studies qualified for the final review. The QAI tool revealed that five articles were at a moderate risk of bias and two articles were at a low risk of bias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dentine phosphoprotein (DPP) may be considered a relatively useful marker for root resorption. Dentinal sialoprotein (DSP) could be a potential biomarker but is not highly helpful at detecting root shortening. Inflammatory cytokines (pro\u2010 and anti\u2010resorption), osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) are useful biomarkers to explain the biological mechanisms that occur during orthodontic movement but are not specific enough. Further studies are required to clarify the role of GM\u2010CSF as a potential biomarker to distinguish subjects at a risk of severe root resorption in the early phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T18:55:06Z","timestamp":1560797706000},"page":"236-247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid used to detect root resorption in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Tarallo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L\u2019Aquila L\u2019Aquila Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Chimenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L\u2019Aquila L\u2019Aquila Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giordano","family":"Paiella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L\u2019Aquila L\u2019Aquila Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Cordaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Istituto di Clinica Odontoiatrica e Chirurgia Maxillo\u2010Facciale Roma\u2010Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8646-9824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Tepedino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L\u2019Aquila L\u2019Aquila Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(93)70012-D"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part I: the basic science aspects","volume":"72","author":"Brezniak N","year":"2002","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(93)70106-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(83)90125-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"235","article-title":"Root resorption in bicuspid intrusion. A scanning electron microscope study","volume":"52","author":"Harry MR","year":"1982","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/10.1.30"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Factors related to root resorption in edgewise practice","volume":"61","author":"Kaley J","year":"1991","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/5.3.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-5193(74)90103-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"191","article-title":"Effects of orthodontic treatment on gingival crevicular fluid flow rate and composition: clinical implications and applications","volume":"17","author":"Kavadia\u2010Tsatala S","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.1987.tb00167.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(89)90276-4"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Continuous vs. discontinuous force application and root resorption","volume":"69","author":"Acar A","year":"1999","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjn024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-3-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093442"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-017-0177-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2006.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2009.01457.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2013.43.6.294"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/26.1.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"245818","article-title":"Crevicular alkaline phosphatase activity and rate of tooth movement of female orthodontic subjects under different continuous force applications","volume":"2013","author":"Megat Abdul Wahab R","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Int J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cji100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.060261"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12624","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)31434-0","article-title":"Characterisation of a novel dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein. Implications for induction of biomineralization","volume":"268","author":"George A","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","first-page":"497","article-title":"Oral histology: development, structure, and function (ed 3)","volume":"48","author":"Ten Cate AR","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofacial Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345860650080901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.10017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0722.2003.00051.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.10370"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910208100607"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","first-page":"403","article-title":"Repair of orthodontically induced root resorption in adolescents","volume":"65","author":"Owman\u2010Moll P","year":"1995","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000016472"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","first-page":"919","article-title":"Apical root resorption six and 12 months after initiation of fixed orthodontic appliance therapy","volume":"75","author":"Artun J","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; Craniofacial Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Focr.12329","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12329","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ocr.12329","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12329","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T19:51:11Z","timestamp":1694202671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ocr.12329"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ocr.12329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12329","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-6335","1601-6343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-6335","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-6343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-06-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}