{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:13:50Z","timestamp":1789132430342,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the short\u2010term cephalometric outcomes of the protocols modified splints, Class III elastics, chincup (SEC III) and rapid maxillary expansion and facial mask (RME\/FM) for the early treatment of growing subjects with Class III dentoskeletal malocclusion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Settings and sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective observational study included 20 patients (11 males, nine females) treated with the modified SEC III protocol and 31 patients (16 males, 15 females) treated with the RME\/FM one. The sample was evaluated before (T1, mean age 7.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0years) and at the end of treatment (T2, mean age 9.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.0\u00a0years). Statistical comparisons between the two groups were performed with independent sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both the modified SEC III and the RME\/FM sample groups showed significantly favourable effects in terms of maxillary advancement (SNA +1.3\u00b0 and +1.5\u00b0, respectively), control of mandibular projection (SNB \u22120.5\u00b0 and \u22120.8\u00b0, respectively), and intermaxillary relationships (ANB +1.8\u00b0 and +2.3\u00b0, respectively; Wits +3.4 and +1.9\u00a0mm, respectively). The modified SEC III group showed a statistically significant greater control in the intermaxillary divergency considering the SN to Pal. Pl. (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.006) and Pal. Pl. to Mand. Pl. angle (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.002) with a difference of 2.3\u00a0mm between the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main limitations of this study are its retrospective nature and the short\u2010term outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early treatment of growing patients with dentoskeletal Class III disharmonies is efficient using either modified SEC III or RME\/FM protocols. However, a higher vertical control is achieved with the modified SEC III.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T06:56:40Z","timestamp":1605164200000},"page":"344-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Comparison of two protocols for early treatment of dentoskeletal Class III malocclusion: Modified SEC III versus RME\/FM"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Filomena Federica","family":"Fabozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Department of Medical\u2010Surgical and Dental Specialties University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovica","family":"Nucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Department of Medical\u2010Surgical and Dental Specialties University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Correra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Department of Medical\u2010Surgical and Dental Specialties University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0291-9339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizia","family":"d'Apuzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Department of Medical\u2010Surgical and Dental Specialties University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2072-460X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6175-7363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Letizia","family":"Perillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Department of Medical\u2010Surgical and Dental Specialties University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12474"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjp050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/030207-108.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515572190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2005.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25259\/APOS-56-2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/070706-281"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-014-0062-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14653125.2016.1155334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"217","article-title":"Early treatment of Class III malocclusion with RME and facial mask: evaluation of dentoalveolar effects on digital dental casts","volume":"16","author":"Lione R","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatric Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2003.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-017-0083-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2003.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.124168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjz031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjv010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","first-page":"330","article-title":"Paediatric orthodontics. 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