{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:39:26Z","timestamp":1788431966398,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate whether dental arch relationships at 6\u00a0years of age can categorize treatment outcome and predict later need for orthognathic surgery in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting and sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective longitudinal single\u2010centre study. The study sample comprised 70 consecutive non\u2010syndromic children (47 boys) with complete UCLP operated on by pushback techniques during 1981\u20101989 and followed until early adulthood in the same cleft centre.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dental casts and maxillomandibular relationships were assessed before orthodontic treatment and secondary alveolar bone grafting at mean age 6.1\u00a0years (range 5.6\u20106.8) using the 5\u2010year\u2010olds' index and lateral cephalograms. The need for orthognathic surgery was retrieved from patient files. Student's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test, Pearson's correlation, and Kappa statistics were used in statistical analyses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Orthognathic surgery frequency was 41% (29\/70). Those needing orthognathic surgery comprised all 3 patients with an index score of 5 (very poor), 14 of 17 (82%) scoring 4 (poor), 10 of 26 (38%) scoring 3 (fair), and 2 of 19 (11%) scoring 2 (good). Of the five patients with index score 1 (excellent), none needed osteotomies. The mean index score was 2.9. The score was significantly better in those without orthognathic surgery (2.4 versus 3.6). A significant negative correlation existed between the 5\u2010year\u2010olds' index and cephalometric angles ANB and anb.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of 5\u2010year\u2010olds' index may help to predict treatment outcome and the clinical need for orthognathic surgery especially in patients with the lowest and highest index scores.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T15:19:43Z","timestamp":1610723983000},"page":"528-535","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Prediction of orthognathic surgery need in children with unilateral cleft lip palate: Dental arch relationships and 5\u2010year\u2010olds' index"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8064-3484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arja","family":"Heli\u00f6vaara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junnu","family":"Leikola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"28","volume-title":"Facial clefts and craniosynostosis. 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