{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:39:26Z","timestamp":1788431966417,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22792048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22792048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25862008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25862008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prognostic factors for orthognathic surgery (OGS) in children with cleft lip and\/or palate (CL\/P) using artificial intelligence (AI) systems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>An orthodontic department at a university dental hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included 126 patients with bilateral and unilateral CL\/P for whom lateral cephalograms were obtained at three time points: 7 (T1), 10 (T2) and 15 (T3) years of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cleft type, severity of lip separation at birth, number of missing teeth, sex, palatal repair methods and surgeons, cephalometric variables at T1 and T2, and the total duration of orthodontic treatment were examined as predictors. The need for OGS and skeletal and dental discrepancies at T3 was examined as outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of six models were developed, with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.93. Multiple prognostic factors for OGS were identified. In particular, the number of clefts in the lip and alveolus showed relatively high odds ratios, as did anterior crossbite at T3. Achieving palatal closure with the push\u2010back method, rather than Furlow's method, was also found to be a predictive factor for anterior crossbite at T3, with high odds ratios.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prognostic factors for OGS determined by the AI systems were the number of clefts in the lip and alveolus, the palatal repair method, male sex, several cephalometric variables for the sagittal and vertical dimensions, growth patterns and the number of missing teeth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T06:47:45Z","timestamp":1613630865000},"page":"153-162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Determination of prognostic factors for orthognathic surgery in children with cleft lip and\/or palate"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jaeyeon","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka University Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3390-2900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chihiro","family":"Tanikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka University Suita Japan"},{"name":"Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics Osaka University Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikihiko","family":"Kogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka University Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4419-9643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Yamashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka University Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"Review","article-title":"Global birth prevalence of orofacial clefts: a systematic review","volume":"98","author":"Panamonta V","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001694"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/26.1.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689008300114"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"A preliminary study of facial growth and morphology in unoperated male unilateral cleft lip and palate subjects over 13 years of age","volume":"27","author":"Mars M","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Treatment variables affecting facial growth in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"24","author":"Ross RB","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/02-119.4.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2278-0203.160236"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/08-041.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1073-8746(96)80016-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/04-163r.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001605"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/04-077r.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034517717261"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034511425674"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"How various surgical protocols of the unilateral cleft lip and palate influence the facial growth and possible orthodontic problems? 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