{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T22:23:47Z","timestamp":1791671027942,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effects of tooth\u2010borne and tooth\u2010bone\u2010borne rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on soft tissue with stereophotogrammetry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting and sample population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty two patients (15 males and 17 females) who met inclusion criteria were divided into two groups. In the first group, tooth\u2010borne RME appliance (hyrax) was applied to 16 patients (9 males and 7 females mean age 13.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3\u00a0years), and in the second group, tooth\u2010bone\u2010borne RME appliance (hybrid hyrax) was applied to 16 patients (6 males and 10 females, mean age 13.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.24\u00a0years).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Changes in soft tissues before RME (T0) and post\u2010retention (T1) period were evaluated by stereophotogrammetry. Linear and angular measurements were performed. Independent\u2010 and dependent\u2010sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> tests were used to compare intra\u2010 and inter\u2010group differences at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05 significance level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data revealed statistically significant changes in nasal width, mid\u2010face width, upper lip vermillion length\/lower lip vermillion length ratio and upper lip angle in hyrax group. (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) Also nasal width, lower lip length, lower lip vermillion length, anterior face height, lower face height, convexity angle and mandibular angle showed statistically significant changes in hybrid hyrax group. (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05) In the inter\u2010group evaluation, no significant differences were found except upper lip and mandible angle. (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both hyrax and hybrid hyrax expanders had effects on soft tissue profile. Anterior face height and lower face height increased in both groups. Upper lip length increased by 0.36\u00a0mm in the hybrid group and 0.10\u00a0mm in the hyrax group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>This trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04828213).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12509","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T11:09:23Z","timestamp":1623236963000},"page":"438-448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Tooth\u2010borne versus tooth\u2010bone\u2010borne rapid maxillary expanders according to a stereophotogrammetric evaluation of facial soft tissues: A randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7487-3769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bur\u00e7in","family":"Akan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry 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