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This paper is a narrative review of the materials used for scaffold fabrication by 3D printing. We have also reviewed two types of scaffolds that we designed and fabricated. Poly(L\u2010lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds were printed using fused deposition modelling technology. Collagen\u2010based scaffolds were printed using a bioprinting technique. These scaffolds were tested for their physical properties and biocompatibility. Work in the emerging field of 3D\u2010printed scaffolds for bone repair is briefly reviewed. Our work provides an example of PLLA scaffolds that were successfully 3D\u2010printed with optimal porosity, pore size and fibre thickness. The compressive modulus was similar to, or better than, the trabecular bone of the mandible. PLLA scaffolds generated an electric potential upon cyclic\/repeated loading. The crystallinity was reduced during the 3D printing. The hydrolytic degradation was relatively slow. Osteoblast\u2010like cells did not attach to uncoated scaffolds but attached well and proliferated after coating the scaffold with fibrinogen. Collagen\u2010based bio\u2010ink scaffolds were also printed successfully. Osteoclast\u2010like cells adhered, differentiated, and survived well on the scaffold. Efforts are underway to identify means to improve the structural stability of the collagen\u2010based scaffolds, perhaps through mineralization by the polymer\u2010induced liquid precursor process. 3D\u2010printing technology is promising for constructing next\u2010generation bone regeneration scaffolds. We describe our efforts to test PLLA and collagen scaffolds produced by 3D printing. The 3D\u2010printed PLLA scaffolds showed promising properties akin to natural bone. Collagen scaffolds need further work to improve structural integrity. Ideally, such biological scaffolds will be mineralized to produce true bone biomimetics. These scaffolds warrant further investigation for bone regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T13:10:35Z","timestamp":1677849035000},"page":"188-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Towards resorbable <scp>3D<\/scp>\u2010printed scaffolds for craniofacial bone regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6251-1223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divakar","family":"Karanth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics University of Florida College of Dentistry  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaidong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Macey L.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Florida College of Dentistry  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delaney R.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science &amp; Engineering University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calogero","family":"Dolce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics University of Florida College of Dentistry  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0844-1965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. 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