{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T12:33:33Z","timestamp":1766493213421,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]],"date-time":"2023-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study aimed to compare severe crowding treatment's skeletal and dental effects by serial extractions or maxillary expansion and serial extractions in the mixed dentition phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting and Sample Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>The retrospective controlled study included lateral cephalograms of 78 subjects aged 8.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4\u2009years, 52 consecutively treated because of severe crowding, and 26 untreated controls matched for baseline age and observational period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects were clustered according to the treatment modality, either serial extraction (EX) or expansion and extraction (EXP\u2010EX) group. Sagittal and vertical skeletal as well as dental cephalometric parameters were assessed at baseline and after the eruption of all permanent posterior teeth, and group comparisons were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both treatment modalities significantly affected the vertical skeletal parameters in terms of decreasing the mandibular and occlusal plane inclination and increasing the facial height index. A distinct treatment effect on the gonial angle was observed, with a significant decrease in its superior part observed in both extraction groups. The annualized changes in the superior part of the gonial angle significantly differ (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.036) between the Control (\u22120.04\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6), EX (\u22120.44\u2009\u00b1\u20090.6) and EXP\u2010EX (\u22120.34\u2009\u00b1\u20090.5) groups. Upper and lower incisor inclination did not change significantly in any of the groups; however, the interincisal angle at follow\u2010up was significantly smaller in the Control compared with both treated groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serial extractions and a combination of maxillary expansion and serial extractions have similar significant skeletal effects, mainly affecting vertical cephalometric parameters if performed during the pre\u2010pubertal growth phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,11]],"date-time":"2023-03-11T05:58:34Z","timestamp":1678514314000},"page":"642-649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Skeletal and dental effects of serial extractions performed with or without maxillary expansion\u2014A retrospective controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Quinzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life, Health &amp; Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate School of Orthodontics University of L\u2019Aquila  L\u2019Aquila Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9951-8595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone Ettore","family":"Salvati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life, Health &amp; Environmental Sciences, Postgraduate School of Orthodontics University of L\u2019Aquila  L\u2019Aquila Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Lerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice  Busca Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matilde","family":"Compri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice  Trento Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2421-8886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmina","family":"Primozic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of orthodontics and jaw orthopaedics, Medical Faculty University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/8.1.43"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"The prevalence of crowding, attrition, midline discrepancies and premature tooth loss in the primary dentition of children in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","volume":"24","author":"Alamoudi N","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence of malocclusion in the different stages of dentition: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"21","author":"Lombardo G","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj9100117"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/17.6.505"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(81)90382-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/062320-576.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.08.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/091814.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/050814-332.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(00)70201-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016354809014459"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","first-page":"343","article-title":"Treatment timing for rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"71","author":"Baccetti T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/21.2.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-017-0163-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/050410-241.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjn004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-017-0189-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12409"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s000560050006"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Comparison of soft tissue profile changes in serial extraction and late premolar extraction","volume":"69","author":"Wilson JR","year":"1999","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(90)70114-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/24.1.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(77)90241-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(70)90127-2"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; Craniofacial Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12647","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T08:26:04Z","timestamp":1696321564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ocr.12647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ocr.12647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12647","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-6335","1601-6343"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1601-6335"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1601-6343"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-09-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}