{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T14:15:19Z","timestamp":1773152119403,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The visible maxillary arch width (VAW) is an important aesthetic\u2010determining feature. To date, there is no well\u2010established methodology to determine the aesthetically optimal VAW in customized treatment planning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, the common traits of the dentofacial configuration were investigated in most attractive Asian and Caucasian female smiles. The smiling photo of a subject was digitally modified based on combined variations of VAW, smile width (SW), transverse facial dimensions (TFD), and vertical facial dimensions. These modified photos were assessed for aesthetics. The aesthetically essential parameters were identified, and their mathematic correlations and reference ranges were determined for different vertical facial patterns. Using the obtained results, a mathematic guidance was constructed for customized smile designing. The applicability of this guidance was tested in Asian females.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most attractive Asian and Caucasian female smiles have intraracial and interracial commonalities in the VAW\u2010to\u2010TFD ratios. The interparopia width (IPD) predominated over facial widths in determining well\u2010matched VAW and SW. For optimal smile aesthetics, the VAW and SW were correlated as simulated by the formula 1.92\u2009IPD\u2009\u2264\u2009VAW\u2009+\u20092.3\u2009SW\u2009\u2264\u20092.17\u2009IPD, plus the VAW\u2010to\u2010IPD ratio within 0.54 to 0.62 and the SW\u2010to\u2010IPD ratio within 0.61 to 0.71, ranges tailored to vertical facial patterns. This constitutes a mathematic guidance for customized planning of the aesthetically optimal VAW. This guidance was preliminarily validated to be applicable to Asian females.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The VAW\u2010to\u2010TFD ratios were essential for Caucasian and Asian female smile aesthetics. The mathematic guidance could serve as a reference for customized smile designs for Asian females.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]],"date-time":"2023-08-03T12:01:30Z","timestamp":1691064090000},"page":"139-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Customized planning of the visible maxillary arch width in harmony with interparopia width and smile width for female facial aesthetics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Xianrui","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry University of Michigan School of Dentistry  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7329-3981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Justus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics Intercontinental University  Mexico City Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaoran","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I\u2010Ting (David)","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan School of Dentistry  Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongwen","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianglong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"494","article-title":"Details of pleasing smiles","volume":"13","author":"Oliveira PLE","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Esthet Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7815274"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjm063"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.02.013"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"370","article-title":"Evaluation of the effect of buccal corridor size on smile attractiveness","volume":"5","author":"Mollabashi V","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Esthet Dent"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"557","article-title":"Attractiveness of variations in the smile arc and buccal corridor space as judged by orthodontists and laymen","volume":"76","author":"Parekh SM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.11.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2008.0043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/080708-410.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512013000500006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-2358.2012.00648.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2005.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpr.2001.119682"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8240.2006.00019_1.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/101514.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/92634"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","first-page":"99","volume-title":"The Art of Smile: Integrating Prosthodontics, Orthodontics, Periodontics, Dental Technology and Plastic Surgery","author":"Sarver DM","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"221","article-title":"Smile analysis and design in the digital era","volume":"36","author":"Ackerman MB","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.57.102904.190208"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/29636"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; Craniofacial Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12697","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T04:23:49Z","timestamp":1705551829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ocr.12697"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ocr.12697"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12697","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-6335","1601-6343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-6335","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-6343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-12","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}