{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T19:28:23Z","timestamp":1778354903921,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Orofacial clefts are among the most common birth defects, with an estimated worldwide incidence of around 1.5\u20101.7 per 1000 live\u2010born babies. The most frequent form of orofacial clefts is cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009CP). The role of environmental factors in the development of clefts is unclear in most patients, thus the aim of this study was to estimate possible maternal risk factors in the origin of CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009CP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>1648 CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009CP cases, 2654 matched controls and 57\u2009231 population controls were evaluated from The Hungarian Case\u2013Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities. Maternal factors during the critical period in cases and controls were compared. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in a multivariable conditional logistic regression model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among socio\u2010demographic data, we have found significant differences between maternal employment. The proportion of unskilled mothers (6.5%) were higher in the CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009CP group than in controls (3.5%). Medically recorded maternal anaemia, excessive vomiting and threatened abortion were associated with a higher risk of CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009CP. An elevated risk was also found in various acute illnesses such as influenza (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 3.0\u20105.8), acute bronchitis (OR: 4.5, 95% CI: 1.6\u201012.6) and urinary tract infections (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 2.0\u20106.0). Maternal migraine and essential hypertension occurred more frequently in the mothers of cases than in controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of this study suggest that maternal diseases and lifestyle factors during the first trimester play a significant role in the development of CL\u2009\u00b1\u2009CP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12738","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T01:15:10Z","timestamp":1701134110000},"page":"6-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Maternal factors in the origin of cleft lip\/cleft palate: A population\u2010based case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5736-1072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lili","family":"\u00c1cs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1lint","family":"Nemes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kriszti\u00e1n","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Semmelweis University School of Medicine  Budapest Hungary"},{"name":"OMFS\u2010IMPATH KU Research Group  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rton","family":"\u00c1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oro\u2010Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry  Budapest Hungary"},{"name":"Centre for Translational Medicine Semmelweis University  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferenc","family":"B\u00e1nhidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Semmelweis University School of Medicine  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"No\u00e9mi","family":"R\u00f3zsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry  Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/10-178"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Epidemiology of Orofacial Clefts","author":"Horv\u00e1th\u2010Puh\u00f3 E","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2014.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2009.01588.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00067"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2021.108373"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12361"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2019.1673359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-4520.2008.00189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17461"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420490604"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2015.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2011.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"Prevalence and evaluation of environmental risk factors associated with cleft lip and palate in a central Indian population","volume":"35","author":"Kalaskar R","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058690"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-021-02988-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-012-0148-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/12-135"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116963"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-02196-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008636"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/ajph.90.3.415"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Epidemiology of cleft lip and palate. 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