{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:46:26Z","timestamp":1790178386293,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]],"date-time":"2023-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the short\u2010 and long\u2010term dentoskeletal effects of early Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask (RME\/FM) followed by fixed appliances.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 44 patients (27 females, 17 males) treated consecutively with RME\/FM were included from the archives of 3 centres. Three lateral cephalograms were available: T0 (before the start of RME\/FM therapy, mean age 8.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8\u2009years), T1 (immediately after RME\/FM, mean age 9.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6\u2009years), and T2 (long\u2010term observation, mean age 19.5\u2009\u00b1\u20091.6\u2009years). A control group of 17 untreated Class III subjects (12 females and 5 males) also was selected. Between\u2010group statistical comparisons were performed with ANCOVA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No statistically significant differences for any of the cephalometric variables were found at T0. In the short term, the treated group showed significant improvements in ANB (+2.9\u00b0), Wits appraisal (+2.7\u2009mm), SNA (+1.8\u00b0) and SNB (\u22121.1\u00b0). A significant closure of CoGoMe angle (\u22121.3\u00b0) associated with smaller increments along Co\u2010Gn (\u22122.4\u2009mm) also was found together with a significant increase in intermaxillary divergence (+1.3\u00b0). In the long\u2010term, significant improvements in ANB (+2.6\u00b0), Wits appraisal (+2.7\u2009mm) and SNB (\u22121.7\u00b0) were recorded together with a significant closure of the CoGoMe angle (\u22122.9\u00b0). No significant long\u2010term changes in vertical skeletal relationships were found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>RME\/FM therapy was effective in improving Class III dentoskeletal relationships in the short term. These changes remained stable in the long\u2010term due mainly to favourable mandibular changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]],"date-time":"2023-12-26T11:38:27Z","timestamp":1703590707000},"page":"429-438","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Long\u2010term effects produced by early treatment of Class <scp>III<\/scp> malocclusion with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask followed by fixed appliances: A multicentre retro\u2010prospective controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Rutili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Orthodontic Program, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernardo Quiroga","family":"Souki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Orthodontic Program Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Nieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Orthodontic Program, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Luiza Farnese Morais","family":"Carlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Orthodontic Program Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Pavoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, UniCamillus International Medical University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Cozza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, UniCamillus International Medical University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"James A","family":"McNamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry and Center for Human Growth and Development The University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Giuntini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Orthodontic Program, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2072-460X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Franchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Orthodontic Program, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine The University of Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2003.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/091605-328"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03731-5"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","first-page":"625","article-title":"2008 JCO study of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment procedures, part 1: results and trends","volume":"42","author":"Keim RG","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-015-1478-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2363-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2021.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247027"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-017-0083-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21307\/aoj-2020-004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/111517-787.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12356"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(75)90065-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjz031"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","first-page":"7","volume-title":"The Design and Analysis of Clinical Experiments","author":"Fleiss JL","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12216930"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","first-page":"217","article-title":"Early treatment of class III malocclusion with RME and facial mask: evaluation of dentoalveolar effects on digital dental casts","volume":"16","author":"Lione R","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2010.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjac048"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","first-page":"185","article-title":"Operational definitions of mandibular morphogenetic and positional rotations","volume":"85","author":"Lavergne J","year":"1977","journal-title":"Scand J Dent Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.120359"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjt067"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14653125.2016.1201302"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; Craniofacial Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12748","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T10:14:12Z","timestamp":1715076852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ocr.12748"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ocr.12748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12748","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-6335","1601-6343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-6335","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-6343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-10-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}