{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T22:55:45Z","timestamp":1784415345294,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The curve of Spee is deemed important characteristic of the dentition for a balanced occlusion and distribution of masticatory forces, while orthodontic levelling of an accentuated curve of Spee is generally included as a treatment goal for deepbite correction. However, relapse is often seen and can be problematic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective longitudinal study of predominantly young patients with a deep curve of Spee, who had been treated orthodontically with 0.018\u201d\u2010slot Edgewise fixed appliances, was performed. The depth of the curve of Spee was digitally measured before treatment (T1), at debond (T2), and an average of 7\u2009years post\u2010debond (T3) and analysed statistically at 5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 157 patients were included (56.7% female; 11.6\u2010year\u2010old at T1), 16.6% of which were treated with premolars extractions. Non\u2010extraction treatment reduced the curve of Spee at the first premolar from 1.87\u2009mm (T1) to 0.22\u2009mm (T2), which relapsed 0.12\u2009mm (T3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04). The respective depths for the second premolar were 2.0\u2009mm (T1), reduced to 0.80\u2009mm (T2). No significant relapse was seen for the second premolar (0.08\u2009mm; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05) or the first permanent molar (0.06\u2009mm; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05). No overall significant differences in absolute relapse were seen between extraction and non\u2010extraction patients, but premolar extractions were associated with less clinically relevant relapse at the first molar (odds ratio 0.27; 95%\u2010confidence interval 0.08\u20100.88; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.003).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Steep curves of Spee can be satisfactorily levelled orthodontically with satisfactory stability in the long term, while premolar extractions might be associated with less relapse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]],"date-time":"2024-02-26T08:14:32Z","timestamp":1708935272000},"page":"572-581","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Long\u2010term stability of curve of Spee depth among orthodontically treated patients: A retrospective longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0392-4337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan Mike","family":"Busenhart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2019-5223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Sch\u00e4tzle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2313-4979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodore","family":"Eliades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1968-3326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Spyridon N.","family":"Papageorgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"285","article-title":"Die Verschiebungsbahn des Unterkiefers am Sch\u00e4del","volume":"16","author":"Spee FG","year":"1890","journal-title":"Arch Anat Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70243-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.10.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/111312-870.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(72)90268-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","first-page":"349","article-title":"Investigation of the changes in the positions of upper and lower incisors, overjet, overbite, and irregularity index in subjects with different depths of curve of Spee","volume":"74","author":"Bayda\u015f B","year":"2004","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"640","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"e7","article-title":"Relationship between the curve of Spee and dentofacial morphology evaluated with a 3\u2010dimensional reconstruction method in Korean adults","volume":"133","author":"Cheon SH","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330730206"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Measurement of Spee curve in individuals with temporomandibular disorders: a cross\u2010sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Dias GM","year":"2016","journal-title":"RSBO Rev Bras Odontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0722.2002.21255.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jos.JOS_39_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.09.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"The control of vertical overbite in clinical orthodontics","volume":"38","author":"Schudy FF","year":"1968","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"CordonNE.Posttreatment Stability of Deep Bite Malocclusions. 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