{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:49:15Z","timestamp":1747187355163,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005366","name":"Universitetet i Oslo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluate long\u2010term spontaneous occlusal changes following L7 extraction in adolescent patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Study models of 144 participants (63 males, 81 females) retrospectively assessed prior to L7 extraction (9\u201316\u2009years old; T1) and following L8 eruption (14\u201325\u2009years old; T2). All received upper fixed appliances. A sub\u2010group (n\u2009=\u200986) received no lower fixed appliances and acted as controls. Occlusal changes were compared between treatment (lower fixed appliance) and control (no lower fixed appliance) groups using PAR index. At T2, L8 occlusal outcome was assessed using ABO grading system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean follow\u2010up period 6 (SD 2) years. At T1, lower scores observed in control group for Lower Anterior (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), Midline (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.033) and Lateral Segments (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.040) components. At T2, lower scores continued being observed in control group for Midline (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and Lateral segment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.019) components. Higher decrease in Lower Anterior PAR scores observed in treatment group (&lt;.001) with comparable scores between groups at T2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.057). Similar PAR score changes between groups for Lateral Segments, Overjet and Overbite components. At T2, no significant difference observed in Total PAR score reduction between control (83%) and treatment (82%) groups. Good\u2010to\u2010acceptable occlusal outcome of the L8 observed in 81.55% of cases at T2 with no difference between groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In growing patients with mild mandibular crowding, extraction of L7 followed by upper fixed appliance therapy, leads to favourable occlusal changes over a 6\u2010year follow\u2010up period, with or without lower fixed appliance therapy, being an alternative extraction protocol where lower fixed appliance therapy is not recommended.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T07:19:35Z","timestamp":1709709575000},"page":"606-614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mandibular second molar extraction: A retrospective cohort study of spontaneous occlusal changes in adolescent patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Lucete Fernandes","family":"F\u00e6r\u00f8vig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Pandis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6841-227X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ama","family":"Johal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dentistry Queen Mary University of London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vaska","family":"Vandevska\u2010Radunovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry University of Oslo  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