{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:16:39Z","timestamp":1793247399965,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011176","name":"Peking Union Medical College","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011176","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with type IIA craniofacial microsomia (CFM) may benefit from mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) treatment during childhood; however, remodelling of the mandible during the consolidation phase, which may affect the short\u2010term outcomes of MDO, has not yet been quantitatively analysed using computed tomography. Therefore, we aimed to investigate bone remodelling of the mandible in children with type IIA CFM treated with MDO before distractor removal and the factors that influence ramus vertical elongation efficiency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010three children with unilateral CFM were studied between 2020 and 2024. Longitudinal computed tomography data (preoperative, end of active phase and at pre\u2010distractor removal) were analysed. Condyle positions and the mandibular cant were analysed using a paired\u2010sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test. The relapse rates of vertical lengthening and mandibular cant were calculated. The correlation between distraction efficiency and preoperative craniofacial morphology was analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The condyle on the affected side moved upwards and backwards by 28.84\u2009\u00b1\u20094.08 and 2.85\u2009\u00b1\u20094.33\u2009mm, respectively during the active phase but lost 7.66\u2009\u00b1\u20092.64\u2009mm of vertical extension during the consolidation phase. The relapse rates for vertical extension of the condyle and occlusal plane were 27% and 35%, respectively. The ratio of mandibular ramus height was positively related to EV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In children with CFM, attention should be paid to vertical elongation instability and relapse of mandibular inclination during consolidation. Severe mandibular ramus hypoplasia is a preoperative risk factor for vertical skeletal relapse during consolidation. Further efforts are required to reduce the stress that leads to relapse.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]],"date-time":"2024-06-20T10:34:59Z","timestamp":1718879699000},"page":"860-867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of post\u2010activation mandibular remodelling in children with craniofacial microsomia treated with distraction osteogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Xiyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songxia","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2022.02.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656221131855"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12719"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200207000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31816aa003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004842"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181bcf2a4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000080726.50460.3E"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200203000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_2003_040_0233_caotcp_2.0.co_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20210499"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52010\/ijom.1979.5.4.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2016.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2020.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2013.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000007776"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.01.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2023.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2023.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05019-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-27860-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181de2240"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656231163725"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(00)70223-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2008.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SCS.0000159939.85745.A8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2021.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000004687"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; 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