{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:12:02Z","timestamp":1777972322689,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Upper airway obstruction (UAO) management in children, particularly those with associated anatomical mid\u2010face structural differences, poses a significant challenge. This study describes using a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) in managing infants with severe upper airway obstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Infants discharged home from Queensland Children's Hospital with an NPA in\u00a0situ for the management of upper airway obstruction were retrospectively evaluated for clinical and demographic parameters, underlying diagnoses and respiratory support, including NPA insertion details and comorbidities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty\u2010seven children (24 male) were included with a median age at NPA insertion of 24 (IQR 7\u201059) days and a median duration of NPA use of 229.1 (IQR 151.50\u2010297.75) days. Fifty\u2010two (77.6%) had Pierre Robin sequence. Other diagnoses included CHARGE syndrome, Treacher Collins syndrome, Stickler syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Bohring\u2013Opitz syndrome, isolated cleft palate, Beckwith\u2013Wiedemann syndrome, Chromosome 3 deletion and VACTERL association. Four infants required tracheostomy, and no complications related to NPA use were reported. Those with oximetry and polysomnography data showed improving indices following NPA insertion [pre NPA median (IQR) SpO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      : 95.9% (94.73\u201397.73), AHI: 51.40 (44.50\u201069.45), OAHI 65.9 (56.45\u201073.35) and TcCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (mmHg) 65.70 (61.95\u201067.30) vs. post\u2010NPA median (IQR) SpO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      : 97.1% (96.19\u201397.9), AHI: 12.20 (11.25\u201024.35), OAHI 10.20 (6.12\u20105.62) and TcCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (mmHg) 52.40 (47.90\u201058.40)].\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings highlight the effectiveness and safety of NPA as a noninvasive management option for severe upper airway obstruction in children, particularly in those with anatomical midface structural differences. Further research and larger studies are warranted to confirm these findings and optimise management strategies for these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12872","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]],"date-time":"2024-11-06T06:19:33Z","timestamp":1730873973000},"page":"463-468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role of Nasopharyngeal Airway in Management of Craniofacial Syndrome\u2010Associated Upper Airway Obstruction in Children"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Samara","family":"Thambar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Queensland Children's Hospital  South Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew D.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Queensland Children's Hospital  South Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  South Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Schilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Queensland Children's Hospital  South Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Kapur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine Queensland Children's Hospital  South Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  South Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl\u20102012\u2010202561"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2006.04.174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mcp.0b013e32834ba9c0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.10366"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0b013e31816ae386"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild\u20102011\u2010301134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656211031105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/09\u2010263"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2016.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjae.2017.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Baxter D.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663\u2010022\u201001780\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0000000000006343"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0b013e3181f526d9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2022.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/sap.0000000000002702"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/06\u2010020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.25317"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/gox.0000000000004819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931\u2010020\u201001532\u20108"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; 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