{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T00:08:21Z","timestamp":1784333301042,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007249","name":"University of Minnesota","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRD15.30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRD15.30"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007249","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the correlation between orthodontic tooth movement and a pre\u2010defined set of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) metabolites through proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H\u2010NMR) spectroscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A clinical randomised prospective split\u2010mouth study comparing the GCF metabolites around stationary and moving second maxillary molars. Twenty\u2010four healthy subjects diagnosed with dental class II malocclusion undergoing orthodontic clear aligner treatment (CAT) were enrolled. GCF samples from the mesial and distal sulcus of second molars under stationary conditions or under 1\u2009N of distalising force were harvested at baseline, 1\u2009h, 7\u2009days and 21\u2009days after the application of CAT. 1H\u2010NMR was utilised for GCF sample analysis. The 2\u2010dimensional total correlation spectroscopy spectral signature of 35 known GCF metabolites was compared in moving and stationary teeth. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares\u2010discriminant analysis (PLS\u2010DA), variable importance in projection (VIP) score and area under the curve (AUC) were computed utilising MetaboAnalyst 5.0 software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      VIP\u2010score values showed statistically significant differences between the metabolites involved in moving and stationary molars (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). PCA and PLS\u2010DA results showed potential differences between the metabolite clusters. The variation of the 1H\u2010NMR signals of Glutamine, Uracil, N\u2010Acetylneuraminate and alpha\u2010ketoglutarate contributes primarily to the variance across metabolites in moving versus stationary teeth at 1\u2009h, 7\u2009days and 21\u2009days.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High values of Glutamine and low values of Uracil, N\u2010Acetylneurinamate and alpha\u2010ketoglutarate could be utilised to predict the progress of orthodontic tooth movement over time. Knowledge of metabolites predictive of tooth movement could contribute to the design of tailored orthodontic treatment planning, reducing time, costs and side\u2010effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T10:10:42Z","timestamp":1742465442000},"page":"670-679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Proton\u2010Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics of Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Orthodontic Tooth Movement With Aligners"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Maria Chiara","family":"Domini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Orthodontics, Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Castroflorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Deregibus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Orthodontics, Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Ravera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Orthodontics, Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Migliaretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences University of Turin  Turin Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5922-3709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Costalonga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Basic Sciences, Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-021-00125-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Analysis of the Effects of Orthodontic Treatment on Instagram Posts Using Artificial Intelligence FAU \u2010 Parrini, Simone","volume":"1","author":"Parrini S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Aligner Orthodontics"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-014-1240-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903\u2010021\u201001629\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.10.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/061614-436.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509338914"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/2011\/761768"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01860-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-26609-1_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1039714"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010019\u20101485\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201804736"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s22207874"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25215128"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.18-0006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/022416-159.1"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"830","article-title":"Interleukine\u20101\u03b2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor\u2013\u03b1 Levels in the Human Gingival Sulcus During Orthodontic Treatment","volume":"76","author":"Ba\u015faran G.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2013.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.376"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnmrs.2006.06.004"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","first-page":"569","article-title":"Databases and Software for NMR\u2010Based Metabolomics","volume":"1","author":"Ellinger J. 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