{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T05:50:47Z","timestamp":1792302647528,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744934400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the relationship between early dentofacial orthopaedic treatment, improvement in the width of oropharynx and nasopharynx, and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010three prepubertal children with skeletal Class III (median age 9\u2009years; 56% females) received treatment with a maxillary expander and facemask. These subjects were matched with two control groups: one comprising an equal number of untreated Class III individuals, and the other consisting of untreated Class I controls. Cephalograms were analysed, and both children and their parents self\u2010administered the Child Perceptions Questionnaire, Parental\u2010Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire and Family Impact Scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Treated Class III cases showed significant increases in the nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal airway width (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.033), with greater changes in the nasopharyngeal width compared to untreated Class III cases (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.040). Compared to untreated Class III and Class I groups, treated Class III cases exhibited reduced mandibular prominence and sagittal skeletal Class, increased overjet, overbite, vertical facial dimension, and greater retroclination and retrusion of mandibular incisors (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.011). Prior to and following orthodontic treatment, Class III cases reported a lower quality of life across all dimensions compared to Class I controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.032). An increase in maxillary anterior movement and oropharyngeal width correlated with a decrease in functional limitations reported by children (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.411\u2010(\u22120.413)); (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.022).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maxillary expansion and protraction in prepubertal Class III children can enhance upper airways width, and children associate these improvements with a reduction in functional limitations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T10:48:01Z","timestamp":1744973281000},"page":"481-489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of Maxillary Expansion and Protraction in Class III Children on Quality of Life, Dentofacial and Upper Airway Characteristics: A Controlled Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4836-3903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stjepan","family":"Spalj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics University of Rijeka  Rijeka Croatia"},{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Department of Dental Medicine J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek  Osijek Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Zigante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics University of Rijeka  Rijeka Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vedrana","family":"Tudor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine Universtiy of Rijeka  Rijeka Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taner","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics Erciyes University  Kayseri T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Ya\u011fc\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics Erciyes University  Kayseri T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9874-2595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Martin","family":"Palomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine Case Western Reserve University  Cleveland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"173","article-title":"The Unmet Orthodontic Treatment Need of Adolescents and Influencing Factors for Not Seeking Orthodontic Therapy","volume":"38","author":"Spalj S.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Collegium Anthropologicum"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2017.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjr114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e27284"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/112609-672.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12208"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13797"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-022-00426-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2005.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-022-00422-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"212","article-title":"Validation of the Parental\u2010Caregivers Perception Questionnaire (P\u2010CPQ) in Croatia","volume":"54","author":"Uhac M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Stomatologica Croatica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"512","article-title":"Questionnaire for Measuring Oral Health\u2010Related Quality of Life in Eight to Ten Year Old Children","volume":"26","author":"Jokovic A.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatric Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.ejo.a035999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"R.Ristrl \u201cSample Size Calculator Version 1.061 \u201dhttps:\/\/homepage.univie.ac.at\/robin.ristl\/samplesize.php accessed on 3 January 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-015-0315-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","article-title":"Orthodontic Treatment for Prominent Lower Front Teeth (Class III Malocclusion) in Children","volume":"4","author":"Owens D.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23804\/ejpd.2020.21.04.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12569"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod22.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children12020177"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-02013-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02131-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.2020.50.3.227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2015.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-015-1681-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","first-page":"211","article-title":"Association Between the Severity of Malocclusion, Assessed by Occlusal Indices, and Oral Health Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"16","author":"Sun L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05689-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784\u2010024\u201005902\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12893"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14653125241255139"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1465312512Z.00000000028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2023.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359-016-0153-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12187\u2010023\u201010019\u2010z"}],"container-title":["Orthodontics &amp; Craniofacial Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12935","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ocr.12935","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ocr.12935","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T08:18:08Z","timestamp":1777969088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ocr.12935"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ocr.12935"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ocr.12935","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1601-6335","1601-6343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1601-6335","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-6343","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}