{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T02:25:41Z","timestamp":1783995941610,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TMDs are a common group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) often resulting from factors like injury, stress or teeth grinding. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy, completeness, reliability and readability of the responses generated by ChatGPT\u20103.5, \u20134o and Google Gemini to TMD\u2010related inquiries. Forty\u2010five questions covering various aspects of TMDs were created by two experts and submitted by one author to ChatGPT\u20103.5, ChatGPT\u20104 and Google Gemini on the same day. The responses were evaluated for accuracy, completeness and reliability using modified Likert scales. Readability was analysed with six validated indices via a specialised tool. Additional features, such as the inclusion of graphical elements, references and safeguard mechanisms, were also documented and analysed. The Pearson Chi\u2010Square and One\u2010Way ANOVA tests were used for data analysis. Google Gemini achieved the highest accuracy, providing 100% correct responses, followed by ChatGPT\u20103.5 (95.6%) and ChatGPT\u20134o (93.3%). ChatGPT\u20134o provided the most complete responses (91.1%), followed by ChatGPT\u201003 (64.4%) and Google Gemini (42.2%). The majority of responses were reliable, with ChatGPT\u20134o at 93.3% \u2018Absolutely Reliable\u2019, compared to 46.7% for ChatGPT\u20103.5 and 48.9% for Google Gemini. Both ChatGPT\u20134o and Google Gemini included references in responses, 22.2% and 13.3%, respectively, while ChatGPT\u20103.5 included none. Google Gemini was the only model that included multimedia (6.7%). Readability scores were highest for ChatGPT\u20103.5, suggesting its responses were more complex than those of Google Gemini and ChatGPT\u20134o. Both ChatGPT\u20134o and Google Gemini demonstrated accuracy and reliability in addressing TMD\u2010related questions, with their responses being clear, easy to understand and complemented by safeguard statements encouraging specialist consultation. However, both platforms lacked evidence\u2010based references. Only Google Gemini incorporated multimedia elements into its answers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T10:28:33Z","timestamp":1746613713000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Performance of\n                    <scp>AI<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Chatbots to Common Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (\n                    <scp>TMDs<\/scp>\n                    ) Patient Queries: Accuracy, Completeness, Reliability and Readability"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9208-3381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed G.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Washington University in St. Louis  St. Louis Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Abdelaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Assiut University  Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hams H.","family":"Abdelrahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa M. Y.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry Zarqa University  Zarqa Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed T.","family":"Ellabban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Assiut University  Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103\u201005822013000400018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/areh.2018.80969"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13051365"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"174","article-title":"The Incidence of Tinnitus in People With Disorders of the Temporomandibular Joint","volume":"10","author":"Upton L. 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