{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T09:11:59Z","timestamp":1777972319627,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nasal Airway Obstruction is a common problem affecting 30% of the general population and significantly impacts the quality of life. The objective of this research was to determine nasal airway obstruction prevalence in a population seeking orthodontic treatment using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOSE)<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      scale and to determine if practice modalities play a role.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The sample consisted of 431 patients seeking orthodontic care who completed the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      survey at an orthodontic residency program, a corporate practice, and a private practice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Obstruction was not correlated with age, gender, or trauma (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The mean of all scores was 8.4\u2009\u00b1\u200914.7 (95% confidence interval [\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI]<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 7.0\u20139.8), ranging from 0 to 80 on a scale of 100. The prevalence of nasal airway obstruction in the orthodontic population was: mild or above\u201443.9% (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 39.1%\u201348.7%); moderate or above\u201411.4% (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 8.6%\u201314.9%); severe\u20142.6% (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 1.3%\u20134.5%); and extreme\u20140.2% (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 0.0%\u20131.3%). The Kruskal\u2013Wallis test showed no significant difference among patients at the three locations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Prevalence of Nasal Airway Obstruction (Mild to Extreme) in orthodontic populations was 43.9% (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      : 39.1%\u201348.7%), representing or slightly exceeding that of the general population. There was no significant difference between an orthodontic residency program, a corporate practice, and a private practice, indicating that the results are widely applicable. Orthodontists are encouraged to use the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOSE<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      scale as a risk assessment tool, providing additional healthcare services to patients and potentially improving their quality of life.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.70004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T11:39:27Z","timestamp":1752147567000},"page":"490-496","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence of Nasal Airway Obstruction in an Orthodontic Population Using the\n                    <scp>NOSE<\/scp>\n                    Scale"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Petts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice  Westlake Ohio 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