{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:01:51Z","timestamp":1791237711076,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This longitudinal cohort study aimed to determine the pattern of transverse facial growth from ages 10 to 18\u2009years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      101 individuals (male,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200956; female,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200945) were observed. Three\u2010dimensional facial surface images were acquired using stereophotogrammetry every 6\u2009months. The linear distances between various facial structures, focused on the transverse facial features, were measured and plotted over time.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At baseline, sex\u2010related differences in lip and nasal widths were minimal (lip width: 42.5\u2009mm in females vs. 42.4\u2009mm in males; nasal width: 29.3\u2009mm in females vs. 30.6\u2009mm in males). Subsequently, males exhibited greater transverse growth. Nasal width increased by 6.0\u2009mm in males compared with 3.9\u2009mm in females, and lip width increased by 5.1 and 2.1\u2009mm, respectively. A clear divergence in nasal and lip growth patterns between sexes emerged at approximately 12.6\u2009years of age. Intercanthal distance demonstrated a parallel growth trajectory, with males consistently showing larger values. Outer canthal distance increased by 2.3\u2009mm in females and 5.8\u2009mm in males between ages 10 and 17.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transverse facial growth in females ceased at approximately 14\u2009years of age, whereas growth continued for a longer period in males. Greater growth increments during the male growth spurt, together with prolonged growth duration, resulted in relatively wider nasal and lip dimensions after puberty. The clinical significance of this study lies in demonstrating that analyses of maxillary expansion could be improved by accounting for normal background growth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.70109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T17:01:10Z","timestamp":1772989270000},"page":"640-648","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transverse Growth of Facial Soft Tissues: A Longitudinal Three\u2010Dimensional Facial Growth Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6580-3467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Signe","family":"Silinevica","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Stomatology Riga Stradins University  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Nassereldine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Buffalo  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0509-1709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gundega","family":"Jakobsone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Stomatology Riga Stradins University  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinjun","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Buffalo  Buffalo New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889\u20105406(93)70073\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2011.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1043\/0003\u20103219(2004)074<0624:LPCITA>2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.01.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjw008"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212618"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12096"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13293\u2010016\u20100076\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010018\u201022752\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12509"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056\u2010016\u20100074\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12040875"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","volume-title":"Anthropometry of the Head and Face","author":"Farkas L. 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