{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:17:13Z","timestamp":1788517033510,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778889600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthod Craniofacial Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study aimed to evaluate the skeletal and dental changes in two different groups of mixed dentition Class II division 1 patients treated with Clear Aligners and with Rapid Maxillary Expansion and to assess the post\u2010treatment mandibular response in comparison with an untreated control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      33 subjects were recruited according to the following inclusion criteria: Caucasian ancestry, early mixed dentition with fully\u2010erupted first permanent molars, bilateral Class II division 1, posterior transverse interarch discrepancy &lt;\u20095\u2009mm, CSV1\u20132, no previous orthodontic treatment\/congenitally missing or extracted teeth\/craniofacial syndromes. The Aligner Group (AG\u2009=\u200913, 6 males, 7 females, 9.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8\u2009years) was treated with Clear Aligners following a standardized sequential expansion protocol \u201cmolars move first\u201d without extractions and other auxiliaries than attachments; the RME group (RG\u2009=\u200910 patients, 5 males, 5 females, 9.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.7\u2009years) was treated with RME banded on second primary molars; the Control Group (CG\u2009=\u200910, 6 males, 4 females, 9.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9\u2009years) was followed up for 1\u2009year without treatment. Panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms were collected pre\u2010treatment (T0) and post\u2010treatment (T1) (T1\u2013T0\u2009=\u200915.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3\u2009months). The Kruskal\u2013Wallis one\u2010way test was used for the analysis of variance by ranks at T0 (baseline) and for the changes observed between T0 and T1 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.10).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      On the sagittal plane, no significant post\u2010treatment differences in mandibular response were found between the three analysed groups. On the vertical plane, the CA group showed a statistically significant reduction of SN\u2010GoMe when compared to the CG (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.023) and to the RG (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.067).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clear Aligners and RME did not influence the sagittal skeletal relationship in prepubertal Class II division 1 patients treated during early mixed dentition, compared to the untreated control group. On the vertical plane, patients treated with Clear Aligners showed a statistically significant reduction of SN\u2010GoMe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Study Registration Number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Protocol Number E00176\u20102025<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.70141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T10:51:14Z","timestamp":1778928674000},"page":"945-953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mandibular Response in Class\n                    <scp>II<\/scp>\n                    Division 1 Growing Subjects: Clear Aligners vs. Rapid Maxillary Expansion Therapy. A Controlled Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8031-4525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"De Razza Francesca","family":"Chiara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences UniCamillus Saint Camillus International Medical University of Rome  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillo\u2010Facial Sciences Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lugli","family":"Letizia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences UniCamillus Saint Camillus International Medical University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gazzani","family":"Francesca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences UniCamillus Saint Camillus International Medical University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lachi","family":"Alessio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences UniCamillus Saint Camillus International Medical University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavoni","family":"Chiara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences UniCamillus Saint Camillus International Medical University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cozza","family":"Paola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences UniCamillus Saint Camillus International Medical University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lione","family":"Roberta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences UniCamillus Saint Camillus International Medical University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.12.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2005.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"Changes in Untreated Class II Type Malocclusions","volume":"32","author":"Fr\u00f6lich F. 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