{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T03:31:11Z","timestamp":1781753471160,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,16]],"date-time":"2013-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1387152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hacettepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit","award":["H.\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd.B.A.B. 08. 01. 201. 002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H.\u00ef\u00bf\u00bd.B.A.B. 08. 01. 201. 002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study aimed to investigate the clinical and microbiological effects of tongue brushing on malodour in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and fifty\u2010one caries\u2010free children were included. After clinical evaluation, halitosis was determined by organoleptic assessment and sulphide monitoring. Then, 69 children with high levels of volatile sulphur compounds (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSC<\/jats:styled-content>) were randomly assigned into two groups (group 1: scaling\u2010polishing + tooth brushing + tongue brushing and group 2: scaling\u2010polishing + tooth brushing), and tongue coating samples were collected for microbiological analysis. After 2\u00a0weeks, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSC<\/jats:styled-content> measurements, organoleptic assessment, clinical evaluations and sample collection were repeated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In both groups, organoleptic scores, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VSC<\/jats:styled-content> levels, gingival index, plaque index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content>), bleeding on probing and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>inkel tongue coating index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WTCI<\/jats:styled-content>) scores decreased after 15\u00a0days. However, only the change in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WTCI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content> scores showed a statistically significant intergroup difference. The most prevalent anaerobic bacteria were <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>eillonella<\/jats:italic> spp.<jats:italic>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>revotella<\/jats:italic> spp.<jats:italic>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>usobacterium<\/jats:italic> spp., and no intergroup difference was observed in terms of colony counts of bacteria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tongue brushing did not provide an additional benefit to the treatment for malodour. According to the microbiological culture results, a specific bacterium responsible for halitosis in children could not be identified and more sensitive methods might be used for this purpose.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,19]],"date-time":"2013-11-19T05:58:37Z","timestamp":1384840717000},"page":"66-73","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The relationship between tongue brushing and halitosis in children: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Ileri Keceli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Gulmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Hacettepe University Ankara 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