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Multiple risk factors for developing mouth cancer have been studied and include history of tobacco and alcohol abuse, age over 40, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, human papilloma virus infection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>), nutritional deficiencies, chronic irritation, and existence or oral potentially malignant lesions such as leukoplakia and lichen planus. An important risk factor for mouth cancer is chronic immunosuppression and has been extensively reported after solid organ transplantation as well as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients. Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>) is not yet considered as a risk factor for oral cancer development. However, a significant number of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content> are receiving immunosuppressants and biological therapies which could represent potential oral oncogenic factors either by direct oncogenic effect or by continuous immunosuppression favoring carcinogenesis, especially in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>(+) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content>. Education on modifiable risk behaviors in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBD<\/jats:styled-content> is the cornerstone of prevention of mouth cancer. 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