{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T10:14:26Z","timestamp":1694600066128},"reference-count":125,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,25]],"date-time":"2016-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The interplay between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and epithelial cells represents a critical aspect in mucosal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 transmission. Epithelial cells lining the oral cavity cover subepithelial tissues, which contain virus\u2010susceptible host cells including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T lymphocytes, monocytes\/macrophages, and dendritic cells. Oral epithelia are among the sites of first exposure to both cell\u2010free and cell\u2010associated virus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 through breast\u2010feeding and oral\u2013genital contact. However, oral mucosa is considered to be naturally resistant to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 transmission. Oral epithelial cells have been shown to play a crucial role in innate host defense. Nevertheless, it is not clear to what degree these local innate immune factors contribute to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 resistance of the oral mucosa. This review paper addressed the following issues that were discussed at the 7th World Workshop on Oral Health and Disease in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIDS<\/jats:styled-content> held in Hyderabad, India, during November 6\u20139, 2014: (i) What is the fate of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 after interactions with oral epithelial cells?; (ii) What are the keratinocyte and other anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> effector oral factors, and how do they contribute to mucosal protection?; (iii) How can <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 interactions with oral epithelium affect activation and populations of local immune cells?; (iv) How can <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 interactions alter functions of oral epithelial 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