{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T18:07:37Z","timestamp":1776276457844,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]],"date-time":"2019-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effect of stem cells\u2006 from\u2006 exfoliated\u2006 deciduous \u2006teeth on the hyposalivation caused by Sj\u00f6gren syndrome (SS) and investigate the mechanism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stem cells were injected into the tail veins of non\u2010obese diabetic mice, the animal model of SS. The saliva flow was measured after pilocarpine intraperitoneal injection. Apoptosis and autophagy were evaluated by TUNEL and Western blot. Lymphocyte proportions were detected by flow cytometer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluid secretion was decreased in 21\u2010week\u2010old mice. Stem cell treatment increased fluid secretion, alleviated inflammation in the submandibular glands and reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum, submandibular glands and saliva. Stem cells decreased the apoptotic cell number and the expressions of ATG5 and Beclin\u20101 in the submandibular glands. Stem cells have no effect on other organs. Furthermore, the infused stem cells migrated to the spleen and liver, not the submandibular gland. Stem cells directed T cells towards Treg cells and suppressed Th1 and Tfh cells in spleen lymphocytes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stem cells\u2006 from\u2006 exfoliated\u2006 deciduous \u2006teeth alleviate the hyposalivation caused by SS <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> decreasing the inflammatory cytokines, regulating the inflammatory microenvironment and decreasing the apoptosis and autophagy. The stem cells regulated in T\u2010cell differentiation are involved in the immunomodulatory effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T13:11:10Z","timestamp":1556802670000},"page":"1530-1544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Stem cells\u2006 from exfoliated\u2006 deciduous \u2006teeth alleviate hyposalivation caused by Sj\u00f6gren syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Zhi\u2010Hao","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1834-4421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chong","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2448-6597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi\u2010Yuan","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng\u2010Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guang\u2010Yan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17128-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.907096"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411960070020301"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66990-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120278"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5532","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.11.5532","article-title":"Cytokine mRNA expression in salivary gland biopsies of Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"152","author":"Fox R. 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