{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T01:36:30Z","timestamp":1781055390493,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]],"date-time":"2019-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#2016\/02667\u20100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#2016\/02667\u20100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the association of single\u2010nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in grainyhead\u2010like 3 (<jats:italic>GRHL3<\/jats:italic>) and to verify its possible interactions with others genes responsible for craniofacial development in the risk of non\u2010syndromic oral cleft (NSOC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Applying TaqMan allelic discrimination assays, we evaluated <jats:italic>GRHL3<\/jats:italic> SNPs (rs10903078, rs41268753, and rs4648975) in an ancestry\u2010structured case\u2013control sample composed of 1,127 Brazilian participants [272 non\u2010syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO), 242 non\u2010syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO), 319 non\u2010syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP), and 294 healthy controls]. Additionally, SNP\u2010SNP interactions of <jats:italic>GRHL3<\/jats:italic> and previously reported variants in <jats:italic>FAM49A<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>FOXE1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>NTN1,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>VAX1<\/jats:italic> were verified in non\u2010syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0P). To eliminate false\u2010positive associations, Bonferroni correction or 1,000 permutation method was applied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the CC genotype of rs10903078 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.03) and the haplotype C\u2010C formed by the SNPs rs10903078 and rs41268753 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04) were associated with NSCLO, but the <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010values did not withstand Bonferroni correction. However, SNP\u2010SNP test revealed significant interactions between <jats:italic>GRHL3<\/jats:italic> SNPs and <jats:italic>FAM49A<\/jats:italic> (rs7552), <jats:italic>FOXE1<\/jats:italic> (rs3758249), <jats:italic>VAX1<\/jats:italic> (rs7078160 and rs751231), and <jats:italic>NTN1<\/jats:italic> (rs9891446).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results confirm the importance of <jats:italic>GRHL3<\/jats:italic> and its interactions with previously NSOC\u2010associated genes, including <jats:italic>FAM49A<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>FOXE1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>NTN1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>VAX1<\/jats:italic>, in the pathogenesis of NSOC in the Brazilian population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,29]],"date-time":"2019-09-29T00:43:13Z","timestamp":1569717793000},"page":"145-151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Exploring <i>GRHL3<\/i> polymorphisms and SNP\u2010SNP interactions in the risk of non\u2010syndromic oral clefts in the Brazilian population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Camilla de Marchi Sanches","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Biological Sciences and of the Health School of Dentistry State University of Western Paran\u00e1 Cascavel Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1697-3662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato Assis","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis School of 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