{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:21:41Z","timestamp":1790115701341,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]],"date-time":"2020-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regulation of bone metabolism by the sympathetic nervous system has recently been clarified. Tooth movement is increased by increased bone metabolic turnover due to sympathetic activation. This study aimed to compare the effects of the \u03b2\u2010adrenergic receptor (\u03b2\u2010AR) blockers atenolol (\u03b21\u2010AR blocker), butoxamine (\u03b22\u2010AR blocker) and propranolol (non\u2010selective \u03b2\u2010AR blocker) on tooth movement in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with sympathicotonia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spontaneously hypertensive rats were divided into the following four groups: an SHR control group and groups treated with 0.1\u00a0mg\/kg atenolol, 1\u00a0mg\/kg butoxamine or 1\u00a0mg\/kg propranolol (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06 rats\/group). Atenolol, butoxamine or propranolol was administered daily to each treatment group, and orthodontic force was applied using a closed\u2010coil spring. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis was performed for receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa\u2010B ligand (RANKL) and sclerostin (SOST).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atenolol, butoxamine and propranolol inhibited tooth movement and increased maxillary alveolar bone volume. Histological analysis revealed that these \u03b2\u2010AR blockers decreased osteoclast activity on the compression side. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that atenolol, butoxamine and propranolol decreased the number of RANKL\u2010 and SOST\u2010positive osteocytes on the compression side.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u03b2\u2010AR blockers decreased tooth movement and downregulated SOST in osteocytes, accompanied by increasing alveolar bone resorption.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T11:57:04Z","timestamp":1579003024000},"page":"621-629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Suppression of tooth movement\u2010induced sclerostin expression using \u03b2\u2010adrenergic receptor blockers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shiho","family":"Uchibori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics School of Dentistry Aichi\u2010Gakuin University Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Sekiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics School of Dentistry Aichi\u2010Gakuin University Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5555-7709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuma","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics School of Dentistry Aichi\u2010Gakuin University Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics School of Dentistry Aichi\u2010Gakuin University Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Takeguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics School of Dentistry 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