{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T02:15:07Z","timestamp":1780539307264,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>A controlled, single\u2010blind, randomized clinical trial was performed to evaluate usefulness of antibiotics in preventing pain and complications after tooth extractions and benefits of probiotics in reducing gastro\u2010intestinal symptoms associated with antibiotic therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 159 patients were enrolled in this trial. After tooth extractions, patients were allocated to one of the groups: group 1 received postoperatively amoxicillin\u00a0+\u00a0clavulanic acid; group 2 received the same antibiotic therapy with an adjunctive probiotic treatment; and group 3 received neither antibiotics nor probiotics. Follow\u2010up visits were planned at 7, 14, and 21\u00a0days after tooth extractions (T1, T2, and T3), and parameters assessed were pain, presence of abscess, edema, fever, alveolitis, trismus, pain, difficulty in daily routine activities, and gastro\u2010intestinal symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of patients reporting pain at T1 was significantly higher in the control group when compared to group 2 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.016), while no difference for pain intensity was observed between groups. No surgical site infection was observed in any of the groups. Intestinal symptoms seemed to be tackled by probiotic administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain was the most important symptom in the control group. Antibiotics were not necessary after non\u2010impacted tooth extractions, and probiotics can reduce gastro\u2010intestinal symptoms associated with antibiotics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T21:54:27Z","timestamp":1597355667000},"page":"1042-1051","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Non\u2010impacted tooth extractions and antibiotic treatment: A RCT study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4971-9361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Cinquini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa \u2013 Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology University\u2010Hospital of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saverio","family":"Marchionni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa \u2013 Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology University\u2010Hospital of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Derchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa \u2013 Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology University\u2010Hospital of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Miccoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa \u2013 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University\u2010Hospital of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Gabriele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa \u2013 Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology University\u2010Hospital of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1226-7565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pisa \u2013 Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology University\u2010Hospital of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"e494","article-title":"Efficacy of amoxicillin and amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid in the prevention of infection and dry socket after third molar extraction. 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