{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:15:34Z","timestamp":1787238934300,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Due to a worldwide increase in drug consumption, oral healthcare professionals are frequently confronted with patients using one or more drugs. A large number of drugs can be accompanied with adverse drug reactions in the orofacial region, amongst others of the tongue. This paper aims to give an overview of drugs that are known to be accompanied with tongue disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The national drug information database for Dutch pharmacists, composed of scientific drug information, guidelines and summaries of product characteristics, was analysed for drug\u2010induced tongue disorders. \u201cMedDRA classification\u201d and \u201cAnatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes\u201d were used to categorize the disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The database comprises of 1645 drugs of which 121 (7.4%) are documented to be accompanied with tongue disorders as an adverse effect. Drug\u2010induced tongue disorders are predominantly observed in the following drug categories\n                      <jats:bold>:<\/jats:bold>\n                      \u201cnervous systems,\u201d \u201canti\u2010infectives for systemic use\u201d and \u201calimentary tract and metabolism\u201d. The most common drug\u2010induced tongue disorders are glossitis, tongue oedema, tongue discoloration and burning tongue.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthcare professionals are frequently confronted with drugs that can cause tongue disorders. The overview of drugs reported in this article supports clinicians in their awareness, diagnosis and treatment of drug\u2010induced tongue disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13680","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]],"date-time":"2020-10-14T13:33:00Z","timestamp":1602682380000},"page":"1528-1541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Oral adverse effects: drug\u2010induced tongue disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1847-6264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yalda","family":"Aziz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem Maria Hubertus","family":"Rademacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atty","family":"Hielema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicines Information Centre Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association (KNMP) Den Hague The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott Bradley Patton","family":"Wishaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicines Information Centre Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association (KNMP) Den Hague The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise Edwina","family":"van Diermen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"de Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2581-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arjan","family":"Vissink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederik Reinder","family":"Rozema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-018-1910-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Mondziekten, kaak\u2010 en aangezichtschirurgie.Handboek voor mondziekten, kaak\u2010 en aangezichtschirurgie","author":"B. 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Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.farmacotherapeutischkompas.nl\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i31.10845"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.031831"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2012-0320"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12795"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"e325","article-title":"Non\u2010healing tongue ulcer in a rheumatoid arthritis patient medicated with leflunomide. An adverse drug event?","volume":"9","author":"Kalogirou E. M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","unstructured":"KNMP. (2019). Retrieved from https:\/\/\/www.knmp.nl\/producten\/knmp\u2010kennisbank."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157488612805076561"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2016.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","volume-title":"MedDRA\u00ae Term selection: Points to consider","author":"MedDRA","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","volume-title":"Vision of MedDRA","author":"MedDRA","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13199"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"627","article-title":"Common tongue conditions in primary care","volume":"81","author":"Reamy B. 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