{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:53:38Z","timestamp":1772160818996,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the levels of trefoil factor family (TFF)\u20101, TFF\u20103 and interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva and serum of patients with gingivitis, stage 3 periodontitis and healthy individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 100 individuals consisting of 25 periodontally healthy, 25 gingivitis and 50 stage 3 periodontitis, were enrolled in the study. Clinical periodontal examinations were recorded and GCF, saliva and serum samples were obtained. TFF\u20101, TFF\u20103 and IL\u20101\u03b2 were measured by ELISA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      TFF\u20101 and TFF\u20103 levels in both GCF, saliva and serum were higher in periodontitis patients than healthy controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) and gingivitis group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). The levels of these peptides in all biofluids were similar between gingivitis and healthy control groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&gt;\u00a0.05). GCF, saliva and serum IL\u20101\u03b2 levels were also higher in periodontitis patients than the controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). Periodontitis patients had elevated GCF and saliva IL\u2010\u03b2 levels than gingivitis group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated TFF\u20101 and TFF\u20103 levels both locally and systemically in periodontitis in parallel to increased IL\u20101\u03b2 levels might suggest that these peptides are involved in host response during the periodontal tissue destruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T03:24:06Z","timestamp":1614828246000},"page":"1240-1249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The trefoil factor family 1 (TFF\u20101) and 3 (TFF\u20103) are upregulated in the saliva, gingival crevicular fluid and serum of periodontitis patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9139-8752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeynep Pinar","family":"Keles Yucel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry Giresun University  Giresun Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beral","family":"Afacan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harika","family":"Atmaca \u0130lhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Section of Molecular Biology Faculty of Science Celal Bayar University  Manisa Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timur","family":"Kose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Faculty of Medicine Ege University  Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gulnur","family":"Emingil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry Ege University  Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i12.3223"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque","volume":"25","author":"Ainamo J.","year":"1975","journal-title":"International Dental 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