{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:53:45Z","timestamp":1772160825962,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014103","name":"Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GG201709220011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GG201709220011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014103","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2020MH187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020MH187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effects of radiation on paracellular pathway of rat submandibular glands (SMGs) and the mechanism of increasing secretion following treatment with pilocarpine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In situ irradiation models of SMGs in Wistar rats were conducted, and the glands were exposed to X\u2010radiation at a single dose of 20\u00a0Gy. Pilocarpine was intraperitoneally injected 60\u00a0min prior to radiation and continuous 6\u00a0days postirradiation for a total of 7\u00a0days. Salivary secretion, histological changes, pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, alterations in tight junctions (TJs), and functional membrane proteins aquaporin\u20105 (AQP5) and claudin\u20104 mediated by the muscarinic acetylcholine M3 subtype receptor were determined at 1 and 12\u00a0weeks after irradiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Salivary secretion of the irradiated glands was reduced at 1 and 12\u00a0weeks. As well, acinar cell numbers, TJ width, and the levels of M3 receptor and AQP5 were decreased. In contrast, tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, interleukin 6, interleukin 1\u03b1, and the expression of the TJ protein claudin\u20104 were significantly increased in irradiated SMGs. Notably, all the alterations were attenuated by pilocarpine treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pilocarpine could improve the secretory function of irradiated rat SMGs via reducing inflammation, ameliorating the structural injury of TJs, and attenuating the up\u2010regulation of claudin\u20104 expression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]],"date-time":"2021-04-05T11:36:00Z","timestamp":1617622560000},"page":"1528-1538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pilocarpine improves submandibular gland dysfunction in irradiated rats by downregulating the tight junction protein claudin\u20104"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5690-3581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing\u2010Ting","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region  Urumqi China"},{"name":"Postgraduate College of Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010Hui","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region  Urumqi China"},{"name":"Postgraduate College of Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shao\u2010Hua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan China"},{"name":"Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Bin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan China"},{"name":"Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8321-8782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan China"},{"name":"Institute of Stomatology, Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.13372"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21688370.2016.1162348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18926\/AMO\/31948"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20102045(17)30252\u20108"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"1410","article-title":"Effect of oral pilocarpine on post\u2010irradiation xerostomia in head and neck cancer patients: A single\u2010center, single\u2010blind clinical trial","volume":"91","author":"Chitapanarux I.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2018.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.165878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Control of Na+ transport in salivary duct epithelial cells by cytosolic Cl\u2212 and Na+","volume":"36","author":"Cook D. 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