{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T09:43:50Z","timestamp":1784454230797,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the present case\u2013control study was to evaluate the morphological aspects of the epithelial cells from the dorsum of the tongue and the expression of the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Spike protein in these cells, in patients with and without COVID\u201019 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>24 individuals with at least one symptom of COVID\u201019 were recruited among inpatients from Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Pedro Ernesto (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). 14 patients who tested positive for COVID\u201019 by RT\u2010PCR were included in the case group, and 10 patients who tested negative were included in the control group. Cytological smears from the dorsum of the tongue were obtained from all patients and analyzed using immunohistochemistry directed against SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010Spike protein. Morphological changes in epithelial cells were analyzed using light microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immunohistochemistry showed that 71% of the COVID\u201019 patients presented epithelial cells positive for the presence of the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Spike protein, and all cells coming from patients in the control group were negative. Cytological analysis showed significant differences when comparing epithelial cells from COVID\u201019\u2010positive and COVID\u201019\u2010negative patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID\u201019\u00a0may generate dimensional changes in tongue epithelial cells; however, further studies are necessary to understand how this happens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T03:32:14Z","timestamp":1627961534000},"page":"2417-2422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Morphological alterations in tongue epithelial cells infected by SARS\u2010CoV\u20102: A case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0876-8607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara Bruno Fagundes","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental School Rio de Janeiro State University  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6416-6064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ta\u00edsa Coelho","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental School Rio de Janeiro State University  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0695-8159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental School Rio de Janeiro State University  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8897-3290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justine Monteiro Monnerat","family":"Tinoco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Clinic Faculty of Dentistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0317-8878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio Ramoa","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Pathology Dental School Rio de Janeiro State University  Brazil"},{"name":"Post\u2010graduate Program in Dentistry Est\u00e1cio de S\u00e1 University  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5848-404X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josu\u00e9 da Costa","family":"Lima Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post\u2010graduate Program in Dentistry Est\u00e1cio de S\u00e1 University  Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Immunoparasitology OswaldoCruz Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4363-341X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roy H.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Oral Infectious Diseases Maurice Kornberg School of Dentistry Temple University  Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4798-7175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo Muniz Barretto","family":"Tinoco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Dental School Rio de Janeiro State University  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