{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T23:20:53Z","timestamp":1785280853309,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003122","name":"Ferring","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16\/0622"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16\/0622"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003122","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/N013514\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N013514\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To preliminary evaluate the clinical effects of probiotics in individuals with symptomatic oral lichen planus and the possible mechanisms of action.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A group of 30 individuals with symptomatic oral lichen planus were recruited in a randomised double\u2010blind parallel group controlled (1:1) proof\u2010of\u2010concept pilot trial of probiotic VSL#3 vs placebo. Efficacy outcomes included changes in pain numeric rating scale, oral disease severity score and the chronic oral mucosal disease questionnaire. Adverse effects, home diary and withdrawals were assessed as feasibility outcomes. Mechanistic outcomes included changes in salivary and serum levels of CXCL10 and IFN\u2010\u03b3 and in oral microbial composition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The probiotic VSL#3 was safe and well tolerated. We observed no statistically significant change in pain, disease activity, quality of life, serum\/salivary CXCL10 or oral microbial composition with respect to placebo. Salivary IFN\u2010\u03b3 levels demonstrate a trend for a reduced level in the active group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.082) after 30\u00a0days of probiotic consumption.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present proof\u2010of\u2010concept study provides some weak not convincing indication of biological and clinical effects of probiotic VSL#3 in individuals with painful oral lichen planus. Further research in this field is needed, with the current study providing useful information to the design of future clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T18:34:50Z","timestamp":1630434890000},"page":"2155-2167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A proof of concept pilot trial of probiotics in symptomatic oral lichen planus (CABRIO)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Erni","family":"Marlina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry Hasanuddin University  Makassar Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard N.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tropical Disease Biology Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3164-854X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Mercadante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Shephard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLH Eastman Dental Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roddy","family":"McMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute University College London  London UK"},{"name":"UCLH Eastman Dental Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Hodgson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLH Eastman Dental Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Leeson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute University College London  London UK"},{"name":"UCLH Eastman Dental Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistical Science UCL  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9006-9412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Fedele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute University College London  London UK"},{"name":"NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4691-5973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eastman Dental Institute University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15570\/actaapa.2017.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12260"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753\u2010020\u201001185\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2016.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Practical Statistics for Medical Research","author":"Douglas A. G.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102133.2007.08106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6522.746"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13323"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007443.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31907"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Burket's Oral Medicine","author":"Jontell M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pst.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005573.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.07.818"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12858"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102230.1996.tb00015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602\u2010020\u201009664\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001168.pub3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12142"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Salivary cortisol and salivary flow rate in clinical types of oral Lichen Planus","volume":"16","author":"Mansourian A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skinmed"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172821"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1751\u20107915.13476"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12425"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100714.2011.01021.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601\u20100825.2010.01734.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601\u20100825.2011.01867.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2019.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i42.15632"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9060555"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2006.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.02.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030\u20104220(65)90099\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<861::AID-SIM407>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102133.2005.06497.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100714.2007.00593.x"},{"issue":"42","key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","first-page":"S83","article-title":"Lactobacillus lozenges in the management of oral ulcers of bechet's syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Tasli L. M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7321.1123"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00629"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102133.2012.10882.x"},{"issue":"96","key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","first-page":"170","article-title":"Probiotics for gastrointestinal conditions: A summary of the evidence","volume":"1","author":"Wilkins T.","year":"2017","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784\u2010019\u201002892\u20102"}],"container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/odi.14014","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/odi.14014","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/odi.14014","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T23:02:54Z","timestamp":1692572574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/odi.14014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/odi.14014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/odi.14014","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v3\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/ODI.14014\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1354-523X","1601-0825"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1354-523X","type":"print"},{"value":"1601-0825","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}