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Oral and maxillofacial conditions in which salivary biomarkers have been utilized for disease\u2010related outcomes include periodontal diseases, dental caries, oral cancer, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, and salivary gland diseases. However, given the equivocal accuracy of salivary biomarkers during validation, incorporating contemporary analytical techniques for biomarker selection and operationalization from the abundant multi\u2010omics data available may help improve biomarker performance. Artificial intelligence represents one such advanced approach that may optimize the potential of salivary biomarkers to diagnose and manage oral and maxillofacial diseases. Therefore, this review summarized the role and current application of techniques based on artificial intelligence for salivary biomarker discovery and validation in oral and maxillofacial diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14641","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T14:09:20Z","timestamp":1687183760000},"page":"23-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Artificial intelligence in salivary biomarker discovery and validation for oral diseases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3493-1463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Adeoye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7143-3370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Xiong","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13773"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2021.104557"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186x.2020.1820077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.26526"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14194935"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2022.106278"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420\u2010020\u201000373\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13285"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"Aslam M. 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