{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:20:57Z","timestamp":1790644857257,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,16]],"date-time":"2023-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the spinal changes in ligature\u2010induced periodontitis and the role of periodontitis in cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty mice were randomized into the control and chronic periodontitis (CP) groups, with the latter receiving ligature\u2010induced periodontitis. Cognitive performance was assessed by fear conditioning test. Periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone resorption were evaluated by micro\u2010computed tomography and histopathology. The hippocampal microglial activation was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The expressions of hippocampal cytokines (TNF\u2010\u03b1, iNOS, IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20104, IL\u201010, and TREM2) were measured by reverse transcription\u2013polymerase chain reaction. The morphology and density of the dendritic spines were determined by Golgi\u2013Cox staining.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CP mice reported significant inflammatory cell infiltration and alveolar bone resorption, with marked increases in cytokine levels (TNF\u2010\u03b1, iNOS, IL\u20101\u03b2, and TREM2) in the brain. Moreover, the CP mice showed significantly reduced freezing to the conditioned stimulus in the cued and contextual tests, indicating impaired memory. Further analyses revealed, in the hippocampus of the CP mice, enhanced microglial activation, decreased dendritic spine density, and increased proportion of thin dendritic spines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Periodontitis\u2010induced neuroinflammation may impair the cognitive function by activating hippocampal microglia and inducing dendritic spine immaturity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T01:20:24Z","timestamp":1689556824000},"page":"2558-2569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Periodontitis\u2010induced neuroinflammation impacts dendritic spine immaturity and cognitive 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Diseases &amp; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology &amp; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiliang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial &amp; Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Fujian Institute of Geriatrics Fujian Medical University Union Hospital  Fuzhou China"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou 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