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The effects of the LGG extract on osteoclast differentiation were evaluated, and the related signaling pathways were examined using western blotting. A mouse periodontitis model was established, and\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      extract was injected into the gingival sulcus to evaluate the inhibitory effect of\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      extract on alveolar bone resorption.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At 50\u2009\u03bcg\/mL,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      extract inhibited osteoclast differentiation with no effect on apoptosis and proliferation. This phenomenon was achieved by deactivating the NF\u2010\u03baB\/c\u2010Fos\/NFATc1 signaling pathway through toll\u2010like receptor 2. The in vivo results showed that the local injection of\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      extract suppressed osteoclast differentiation and alveolar bone resorption.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The ultrasonicated extract of\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      inhibited osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the activation of the NF\u2010\u03baB\/c\u2010Fos\/NFATc1 pathway. Furthermore, it inhibited the destruction of the alveolar bone, providing a new strategy for the use of probiotics in the treatment of periodontitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T21:43:03Z","timestamp":1692654183000},"page":"2373-2386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus<\/i>\n                    inhibits osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the\n                    <scp>TLR2<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>NF\u2010\u03baB<\/scp>\n                    pathway"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0597-7438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingfei","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology Capital Medical University  Beijing 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