{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T20:18:45Z","timestamp":1780604325348,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1699142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a strong relationship between masticatory muscle atrophy and condyle degeneration. Although electrical stimulation (ES) is an effective treatment for muscle atrophy, its influence on the underlying condyle is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether ES can prevent condyle degradation during the stage of masseter muscle atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six\u2010week\u2010old rats were randomly divided into the control, botulinum toxin (BTX), or BTX\u2009+\u2009ES group. BTX was injected into the bilateral masseters of rats to induce masseter atrophy. The left\u2010side masseters without ES treatment were served as BTX group, and the right\u2010side masseters received ES with different parameters (5\u2009mA\/10\u2009Hz, 5\u2009mA\/50\u2009Hz, 6\u2009mA\/10\u2009Hz, 6\u2009mA\/50\u2009Hz, 7\u2009mA\/10\u2009Hz, and 7\u2009mA\/50\u2009Hz) were served as BTX\u2009+\u2009ES groups. After 4\u2009weeks, micro\u2010CT and qualitative or quantitative analysis of osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, and angiogenesis\u2010related genes in condyles were conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ES, especially at 7\u2009mA\/50\u2009Hz, significantly attenuated masseter atrophy, condyle degeneration, and subchondral bone loss. Moreover, the upregulation of related proteins, including collagen 1, osteocalcin, bone morphogenetic protein 2, collagen 2a, and vascular endothelial growth factor were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ES partly rescued condylar degeneration and subchondral bone loss following masseter atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T01:48:15Z","timestamp":1699235295000},"page":"3165-3175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Electrical stimulation prevents condyle and subchondral degeneration following the masseter atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Chuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, College &amp; Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qunyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, College &amp; Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuyun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, College &amp; Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quancheng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, College &amp; Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunfeng","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, College &amp; 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