{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T03:48:10Z","timestamp":1781322490870,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YJ201987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YJ201987"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021ZYD0090"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZYD0090"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFS0207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFS0207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The limited understanding of the molecular mechanism for oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) poses challenges to the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. The lack of suitable animal models is a major hindrance. Therefore, this study aimed to address this issue by comparing commonly used arecoline\u2010induced water drinking and injection mouse models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mice were subjected to two protocols: receiving 2\u2009mg\/mL arecoline in drinking water and 4\u2009mg\/mL arecoline saline solution injections every other day. Tissues were collected at regular 4\u2010week intervals, with a final time point of 20\u2009weeks. Stereo microscopy and histomorphological analysis were performed on live and harvested tissues, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During arecoline treatment, collagen deposition and myofibroblast proliferation progressively increased in both models. Changes in the collagen I\/III ratio indicated that both models exhibited characteristics of the early and intermediate stages of OSF after 20\u2009weeks of arecoline induction. The water\u2010drinking model also demonstrated multi\u2010organ fibrosis involving the tongue, lungs, and small intestine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both the water drinking and injection mouse models effectively induced OSF, but the water\u2010drinking model better mirrored the observed pathogenesis in patients with OSF. These models provide valuable tools for investigating the mechanisms underlying OSF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T01:27:45Z","timestamp":1702603665000},"page":"3897-3911","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparative analysis of two\n                    <scp>arecoline\u2010induced<\/scp>\n                    oral submucous fibrosis models"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1740-7838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shijie","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; National Center for Stomatology &amp; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &amp; Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanxin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; 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