{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T23:21:54Z","timestamp":1789428114296,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study investigated the concentrations of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) and salivary cytokines (IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, IL\u20108\/CXCL8, TNF, and TGF\u2010\u03b21) in patients undergoing chemotherapy and their associations with oral mucositis (OM) and\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective longitudinal study performed at a Brazilian service included 60 adults diagnosed with hematolymphoid diseases. Saliva samples were collected on days D0, D3, D10, and D15. Cytokines were analyzed by ELISA and NET formation by identification of the myeloperoxidase\u2010DNA complex. Oral\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. was cultured.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      OM occurred in 43.3% of patients and oral candidiasis in 20%. However, 66% of individuals had positive cultures for\n                      <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Higher concentrations of IL\u20106, IL\u20108\/CXCL8, and TNF and lower concentrations of TGF\u2010\u03b21 were observed in patients with OM.\n                      <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection contributed to the increase in IL\u20108\/CXCL8, TGF\u2010\u03b21, and TNF. Individuals with OM or with oral candidiasis had significant reductions in NET formation. In contrast, individuals with\n                      <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      and with concomitant\n                      <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                      and OM exhibited higher NET formation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The kinetics of cytokine levels and NET formation in chemotherapy\u2010induced OM appears to be altered by\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection, even in the absence of clinical signs of oral candidiasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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