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However, information on their antigen\u2010presenting effect remains lacking, and further research is required for clinical applications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      OMVs can influence the development of periodontitis through immune modulation of macrophages; however, further research is required to provide novel ideas for the prevention and treatment of periodontitis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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