{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:11:16Z","timestamp":1792008676576,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent research indicates that macrophages in ganglia are linked to chronic pain, with Piezo2 ion channels playing a key role in pain sensation. Our study aims to elucidate the interplay between macrophages and Piezo2 in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) chronic pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We induced TMJOA chronic pain in rats via articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA). We then depleted macrophages using clodronate liposomes and overexpressed Piezo2 in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons with adeno\u2010associated virus 9 (AAV9)\u2010Piezo2 in TMJOA rats. To explore the connection between macrophages and Piezo2, we employed immunofluorescence, in\u00a0vitro studies, and the Rat Grimace Scale (RGS) to evaluate pain thresholds in TMJOA rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A positive correlation was observed between macrophage infiltration and Piezo2 upregulation in TG neurons of TMJOA rats. Depletion of infiltrated macrophages downregulated Piezo2 in TG neurons, while Piezo2 overexpression negated the pain\u2010relieving effects of infiltrated macrophage depletion in TMJOA rats. Macrophages primarily influenced Piezo2 expression in IB4\u2009+\u2009\u2013 TG neurons of TMJOA chronic pain rats. Ex\u00a0vivo studies revealed that infiltrated macrophage\u2010derived IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 cytokines activate Dil\u2009+\u2009\u2212TG neurons by upregulating Piezo2 in TMJOA rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Infiltrated macrophages exacerbate MIA\u2010induced TMJOA chronic pain by upregulating Piezo2 expression in IB4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010TG neurons.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.15304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T01:09:03Z","timestamp":1741741743000},"page":"1841-1853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Infiltrated Macrophages Aggravate\n                    <scp>TMJOA<\/scp>\n                    Chronic Pain via Piezo2 in\n                    <scp>IB4<\/scp>\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>TG<\/scp>\n                    Neurons"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Xueke","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taomin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaping","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral &amp; 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