{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T02:06:01Z","timestamp":1791684361272,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]],"date-time":"2025-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuropsychiatric disorders are associated with poor oral health, with antipsychotics as potential contributors. This study aimed to analyse the oral adverse effects of antipsychotics using the EudraVigilance database.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case\/noncase analysis was conducted to calculate reporting odds ratios (ROR) and assess the disproportionality of oral adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 5663 reports of oral adverse effects related to antipsychotics were identified. Atypical antipsychotics had a higher overall incidence (5663 vs. 787 for typical), but typical antipsychotics showed stronger associations with specific oral issues (ROR\u2009=\u20092.2 vs. 1.6 for atypical). The most commonly reported effects were disturbances in salivary flow, including xerostomia and hypersalivation. Olanzapine and quetiapine were linked to dry mouth (ROR\u2009=\u20091.8 and 3.0) and tooth loss (ROR\u2009=\u20091.7 and 1.8). Clozapine had the highest number of reports (1619) and ROR (33.1) for hypersalivation. Disproportionality analysis revealed significant associations with orofacial dyskinesia for all antipsychotics, except clozapine. Aripiprazole had the highest ROR (13.7) for orofacial dyskinesia and was linked to a swollen tongue in patients aged \u2264\u200917\u2009years (12 cases, ROR\u2009=\u20093.6). No sex\u2010based differences were identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antipsychotics significantly affect oral health, highlighting the need for preventive dental care and interventions to reduce these effects and improve patient well\u2010being.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.15337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T01:29:42Z","timestamp":1745285382000},"page":"2630-2640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Oral Adverse Effects of Antipsychotic Medications: A Case\/Noncase Analysis of\n                    <scp>EudraVigilance<\/scp>\n                    Data"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8942-8294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leire","family":"Urien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU)  Leioa Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9575-1602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Unax","family":"Lertxundi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioaraba Health Research Institute; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba Mental Health Network, Araba Psychiatric Hospital Pharmacy Service  Vitoria\u2010Gasteiz Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7026-1079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montserrat","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Galdakao\u2010Usansolo Hospital Basque Country Pharmacovigilance Unit  Galdakao Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3555-1550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmelo","family":"Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU)  Leioa Spain"},{"name":"Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Galdakao\u2010Usansolo Hospital Basque Country Pharmacovigilance Unit  Galdakao Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8738-0901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nerea","family":"Jauregizar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU)  Leioa Spain"},{"name":"Grupo Red de Salud Mental, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute  Barakaldo Bizkaia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7601-4914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Morera\u2010Herreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV\/EHU)  Leioa Spain"},{"name":"Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute  Barakaldo Bizkaia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010021\u201092204\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2010.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.3.445a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102294"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2011.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000001371"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.167.3.412a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0229946"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2018.06.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033351"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23804\/ejpd.2020.21.01.02"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380\u2010023\u201002266\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.4311"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.6051"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018\u2010200629050\u201000003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10401230600614538"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12670"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"Lexicomp. n.d.\u201cWolters Kluwer Health Inc. Riverwoods IL.\u201dhttp:\/\/online.lexi.com."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency.2017.\u201cGuideline on the Use of Statistical Signal Detection Methods in the EudraVigilance Data Analysis System.\u201dhttp:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/Regulatory_and_procedural_guideline\/2009\/11\/WC500011434.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency. n.d.\u201cScreening for Adverse Reactions in EudraVigilance.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/documents\/other\/screening\u2010adverse\u2010reactions\u2010EudraVigilance_en.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S204579601900043X"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"Saliva Between Normal and Pathological. 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