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Periodontitis was experimentally induced (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200932), and half of which received\n NSPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n with Chlorhexidine (\n CHX<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) gel. Behavioral assessment included the passive avoidance task (\n PA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and Morris water maze (\n MWM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Levels of\n NLRP3<\/jats:styled-content>\n , phosphorylated tau (p\u2010tau), and tau in the hippocampus, cerebrospinal fluid (\n CSF<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), and serum were measured by\n ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>\n , while\n BACE1<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n IL1\u03b2<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n iNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and\n NF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03ba\u03b2 proteins were assessed by Western blotting.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Rats in the\n AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n + P groups performed worse in behavioral tests compared to controls (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05), whereas the\n NSPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n group showed similar performance to controls (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009>\u20090.05).\n CSF<\/jats:styled-content>\n p\u2010tau levels were comparable between\n AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n + P groups, but the hippocampal p\u2010tau\/tau ratio was significantly higher in the AD + P group (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05).\n BACE1<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels were similar in P and\n AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n groups.\n NLRP3<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n iNOS<\/jats:styled-content>\n levels did not show significant differences across groups. Notably, the\n NSPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n group exhibited reduced\n NF<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03ba\u03b2 levels (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Periodontitis may exacerbate\n AD<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010like molecular pathology, particularly by promoting tau hyperphosphorylation, while\n NSPT<\/jats:styled-content>\n appears to mitigate disease progression and improve behavioral outcomes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.70001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T15:19:13Z","timestamp":1750087153000},"page":"3461-3473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of Experimental Periodontitis and Periodontal Treatment on Alzheimer\u2010Like Pathology in 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