{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:29:56Z","timestamp":1791304196074,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (pSS) diagnosis remains challenging due to its low prevalence, heterogeneous clinical presentation, and the lack of universally accepted pediatric\u2010specific diagnostic criteria. This systematic review aims to clarify the diagnostic pathway in pSS, with emphasis on the utility of minor salivary gland biopsy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to November 2025. Observational, retrospective, cohort, cross\u2010sectional studies, case series, and case reports were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Recurrent or persistent parotitis emerged as the most frequent glandular manifestation. The most common extra\u2010glandular features included joint involvement and lymphadenopathy. Serological analysis revealed positivity for anti\u2010SSA in 64% and anti\u2010SSB in 51% of cases, with antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor detected in 69% and 53% of patients, respectively. Minor salivary gland biopsy yielded positive findings in approximately 70% of cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Minor salivary gland biopsy appears to represent a key component of the diagnostic work\u2010up, particularly in the absence of standardized pediatric criteria. When integrated with clinical and serological findings, it may facilitate earlier and more accurate diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.70193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T17:52:07Z","timestamp":1767894727000},"page":"926-952","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clarifying the Diagnostic Pathway in Pediatric Sj\u00f6gren's Syndrome in the Absence of Child\u2010Specific Criteria: A\u00a0Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Angelo","family":"Aliberti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6175-7806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Gasparro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Cangiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7599-5426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Mormile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT) University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Mignogna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT) University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noemi","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Dentistry University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2024.105825"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13730\u2010015\u20100169\u2010y"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"1152","article-title":"Sj\u00f6gren's Syndrome in Childhood","volume":"22","author":"Anaya J. 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