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We previously reported that serotype b of <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> has a higher capacity to trigger Th17\u2010type differentiation and function in activated T lymphocytes and its lipopolysaccharide is a more potent immunogen compared with the other serotypes. This study aimed to investigate whether serotype b of <jats:italic>A.\u00a0actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> induces higher Th17\u2010associated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content> production, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced osteoclast activation, and antigen\u2010specific memory T lymphocyte proliferation. On naive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T lymphocytes stimulated with autologous dendritic cells primed with different <jats:italic>A.\u00a0actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> serotypes, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content> production, T\u2010bet, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GATA<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RORC<\/jats:styled-content>2 and Foxp3 expression, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RORC<\/jats:styled-content>2\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content> intracellular double\u2010expression, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRAP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> osteoclast activation, and bone resorption were quantified. The frequency of proliferating memory T lymphocytes in response to <jats:italic>A.\u00a0actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> serotypes was determined in periodontitis and healthy subjects. Naive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T lymphocytes stimulated by serotype b\u2010primed dendritic cells elicited higher levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> RORC<\/jats:styled-content>2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRAP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> osteoclasts, and bone resorption than the same cells stimulated with the other serotypes. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content> positively correlated and co\u2010expressed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RORC<\/jats:styled-content>2. Memory T lymphocytes responding to serotype b were more frequently detected in periodontitis patients than healthy subjects. These results indicate that serotype b of <jats:italic>A.\u00a0actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> is associated with higher production of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RANKL<\/jats:styled-content> and these increased levels are associated with Th17 lymphocyte induction, osteoclast activation, and bone resorption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T13:15:21Z","timestamp":1436879721000},"page":"162-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Serotype b of <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/i> increases osteoclast and memory T\u2010lymphocyte activation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Melgar\u2010Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontal Biology Laboratory Department of Conservative Dentistry Dental School Universidad de Chile Santiago 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