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At present, drugs that target the metabolic pathway of\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010Ala are already in clinical use\u00a0\u2013\u00a0e.g.\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010cycloserine (DCS) is used as an antibiotic against\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    is the main cariogenic bacterium in the oral cavity. Its\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010Ala metabolism\u2010associated enzymes alanine racemase and\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010alanine\u2013\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010alanine ligase are encoded by the genes\n                    <jats:italic>smu.1834<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>smu.599<\/jats:italic>\n                    , respectively, which may be potential targets for inhibitors. In this study, the addition of DCS blocked the\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010Ala metabolic pathway in\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , leading to bacterial cell wall defects, significant inhibition of bacterial growth and biofilm formation, and reductions in extracellular polysaccharide production and bacterial adhesion. However, the exogenous addition of\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010Ala could reverse the inhibitory effect of DCS. Through the means of drug regulation, our study demonstrated, for the first time, the importance of\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010Ala metabolism in the survival and biofilm formation of\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . If the growth of\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    can be specifically inhibited by designing drugs that target\n                    <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010Ala metabolism, then this may serve as a potential new treatment for dental caries.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,3]],"date-time":"2015-11-03T00:48:49Z","timestamp":1446511729000},"page":"435-444","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["<scp>d<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Alanine metabolism is essential for growth and biofilm formation of\n                    <i>Streptococcus mutans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Sichuan University Chengdu 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